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C
Cluster
The unit of disk space allocation to store files in a file system.
Each non-empty file completely occupies one or more clusters.
The typical size of a cluster is 4 KB. When formatting a volume, you can choose the cluster size for it.
Smaller cluster sizes allow for more efficient storage of smaller files by reducing the amount of
wasted disk space; but larger files may become more fragmented across the volume, which may
increase the amount of time that is needed to access them.
A cluster is also known as an allocation unit.
Physically, a cluster is one or more (usually eight) sectors on a disk.
Cylinder
A group of all tracks (p. 92) on all magnetic platters of a hard disk (p. 87) that can be accessed
without moving the magnetic head.
Access to the data inside one cylinder is much faster than moving the head from one cylinder to
another.
D
Defragmentation
The process of rearranging files on a volume to reduce fragmentation (p. 86), which may improve file
access times.
Disk
A storage device, often a magnetic storage medium, which is attached to a machine.
Examples of disks include hard disks and floppy disks.
Disk group
A number of dynamic disks that store the common configuration data in their Logical Disk Manager
(LDM) databases and therefore can be managed as a whole.
Normally, all dynamic disks created within the same machine are members of the same disk group.
As soon as the first dynamic disk is created by the LDM or another disk management tool, the disk
group name can be found in the registry key
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\dmio\Boot Info\Primary Disk
Group\Name.
The next created or imported disks are added to the same disk group. The group exists as long as at
least one of its members exists. Once the last dynamic disk is disconnected or converted to basic, the
