Bedienungsanleitung Allen-Heath MixWizard WZ3-16 (Seite 11 von 34) (Englisch)

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16:2 and 12:2 User Guide 11

Audio Connections

The MixWizard uses professional grade 3 pin XLR and 1/4" TRS (3 pole) jack sockets. To

ensure best performance, we recommend that you use high quality audio cables and

connectors, and take time to check for reliable and accurate cable assembly. It is well

known that most audio system problems are due to faulty or sub standard interconnecting

leads. The following mating plugs may be used to connect audio signals to the console:

Avoid reversing + and - on balanced connections as this will result in reversed polarity (out

of phase) signals which may cause signal cancellation effects.

Where long cables runs are required, balanced interconnections should be used. However,

line level interconnections between more affordable 2-wire (signal, ground) unbalanced

equipment and the console are unlikely to cause problems if the cables are kept shorter than

10 meters or so. Refer to the wiring diagrams on the opposite page.

Dealing with Ground Loops, Buzz and Interference

For optimum performance all audio signals should be referenced to a solid, noise-free

ground (earth) point, frequently referred to as the ‘star point’ or ‘clean earth’.

A ground loop is created when potential differences exist between grounds at different

points in the system, and the signal has more than one path to ground. In most cases

ground loops do not result in audible problems. Should you experience hum or buzz caused

by a ground loop, check first that each piece of equipment has its own separate path to

ground. If so, operate ground lift switches on connected equipment in accordance with the

instruction manuals. Alternatively disconnect the cable screen at the destination end only.

This breaks the offending loop while keeping the signal shielding down the length of cable.

WARNING For operator safety do not remove the ground (earth) connection

in the power lead of the console or connected equipment.

To avoid interference pickup keep audio cables away from mains power units and cables,

thyristor dimmer units, computer equipment and mobile phones. Where this cannot be

avoided, cross the cables at right angles to minimise interference

A note about balanced connections

A differentially balanced connection has two signal wires, signal + (hot) and signal - (cold)

and a shield. The signal source generates positive going polarity down the + wire and

negative polarity down the – wire. The destination input stage accepts the + signal on its

non-inverting (+) input pin, but it inverts the – signal, adding it to the + signal. The result is

that the wanted signal is boosted. Now examine what happens when unwanted interference

(hum and noise) is induced into the cable. The noise is induced equally and with the same

polarity into both wires. At the destination input the – wire signal gets inverted and added to

the + signal. Because the polarity is the same on both input wires the noise cancels itself

out at this input. For this interference rejection to work it is important that the source, the

cable and the destination input are all balanced. Balancing provides greatest advantage

with low level signals such as those produced by microphones.

An impedance balanced

output provides similar interference rejection, but without the signal

drive on the - wire. It does not generate a negative polarity signal at its – output. Instead,

the – wire has no signal but is held at the same impedance as the + wire. This means that

both wires pick up the noise equally resulting in cancellation as described above.

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