Bedienungsanleitung Axis P3346 (Seite 66 von 68) (Englisch)

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Glossary of Terms

PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol) - A protocol (set

of communication rules) that allows corporations to extend

their own corporate network through private "tunnels" over the

public Internet. In this way a corporation can effectively use a

WAN (Wide Area Network) as a large single LAN (Local Area

Network). This kind of interconnection is known as a virtual

private network (VPN).

Pre/post alarm images - The images from immediately before

and after an alarm. These images are stored in a buffer for later

retrieval.

Progressive scan - Progressive scan, as opposed to interlaced

video, scans the entire picture, line by line every sixteenth of a

second. In other words, captured images are not split into

separate fields as in interlaced scanning.

Computer monitors do not need interlace to show the picture

on the screen, but instead show them progressively, on one line

at a time in perfect order, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 etc., so there is

virtually no ‘flickering’ effect. In a surveillance application, this

can be critical when viewing detail within a moving image,

such as a person running. A high-quality monitor is required to

get the best from progressive scan. See also Interlacing.

Protocol - A special set of rules governing how two entities

will communicate. Protocols are found at many levels of

communication, and there are hardware protocols and software

protocols.

Proxy server - In an organization that uses the Internet, a

proxy server acts as an intermediary between a workstation

user and the Internet. This provides security, administrative

control, and a caching service. Any proxy server associated with

a gateway server, or part of a gateway server, effectively

separates the organization’s network from the outside network

and the local firewall. It is the firewall server that protects the

network against outside intrusion.

A proxy server receives requests for Internet services (such as

web page requests) from many users. If the proxy server is also

a cache server, it looks in its local cache of previously

downloaded web pages. If it finds the page, it is returned to the

user without forwarding the request to the Internet. If the page

is not in the cache, the proxy server, acting as a client on behalf

of the user, uses one of its own IP addresses to request the page

from another server over the Internet. When the requested

page is returned, the proxy server forwards it to the user that

originally requested it.

P-VOP - See VOP.

Resolution - Image resolution is a measure of how much detail

a digital image can hold: the greater the resolution, the greater

the level of detail. Resolution can be specified as the number of

pixel-columns (width) by the number of pixel-rows (height),

e.g. 320x240.

Alternatively, the total number of pixels (usually in megapixels)

in the image can be used. In analog systems it is also common

to use other format designations, such as CIF, QCIF, 4CIF, etc.

RTCP (Real-Time Control Protocol) - RTCP provides support

for real-time conferencing of groups of any size within an

intranet. This support includes source identification and

support for gateways like audio and video bridges as well as

multicast-to-unicast translators.

RTCP offers quality-of-service feedback from receivers to the

multicast group as well as support for the synchronization of

different media streams.

RTP (Real-Time Transport Protocol) - RTP is an Internet

protocol for the transport of real-time data, e.g. audio and

video. It can be used for media-on-demand as well as

interactive services such as Internet telephony.

RTSP (Real Time Streaming Protocol) - RTSP is a control

protocol, and a starting point for negotiating transports such as

RTP, multicast and Unicast, and for negotiating codecs.

RTSP can be considered a ‘remote control’ for controlling the

media stream delivered by a media server. RTSP servers typically

use RTP as the protocol for the actual transport of audio/video

data.

Router - A device that determines the next network point to

which a packet should be forwarded on its way to its final

destination. A router creates and/or maintains a special routing

table that stores information on how best to reach certain

destinations. A router is sometimes included as part of a

network switch. See also switch.

Server - In general, a server is a computer program that

provides services to other computer programs in the same or

other computers. A computer running a server program is also

frequently referred to as a server. In practice, the server may

contain any number of server and client programs. A web server

is the computer program that supplies the requested HTML

pages or files to the client (browser).

Sharpness - This is the control of fine detail within a picture.

This feature was originally introduced into color TV sets that

used notch filter decoders. This filter took away all high

frequency detail in the black and white region of the picture.

The sharpness control attempted to put some of that detail

back in the picture. Sharpness controls are mostly superfluous

in today's high-end TVs. The only logical requirement for it

nowadays is on a VHS machine.

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) - SMTP is used for

sending and receiving e-mail. However, as it is ‘simple,’ it is

limited in its ability to queue messages at the receiving end,

and is usually used with one of two other protocols, POP3 or

IMAP. These other protocols allow the user to save messages in

a server mailbox and download them periodically from the

server.

SMTP authentication is an extension of SMTP, whereby the

client is required to log into the mail server before or during the

sending of email. It can be used to allow legitimate users to

send email while denying the service to unauthorized users,

such as spammers.

SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) - SNMP

forms part of the Internet Protocol suite, as defined by the

Internet Engineering Task Force. The protocol can support

monitoring of network-attached devices for any conditions

that warrant administrative attention.

Sockets - Sockets are a method for communication between a

client program and a server program over a network. A socket is

defined as ‘the endpoint in a connection.’ Sockets are created

and used with a set of programming requests or ‘function calls’

sometimes called the sockets application programming

Axis P3346 Seite 66

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