105
8 0 01 0 5 6 5 52 - 9 70 8 3 0
ɂɧɮɨɪɦ ɚɰɢɹɨɛɵɬɨɜ ɨɣɬɟ ɯɧɢɤɟɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɧɨɣɩɨ ɞɤɨɧɬɪɨ ɥɟ ɦɤɨɧɰɟ ɪɧɚ
Ȼɋ ɏɏɚɭ ɫɝɟɪɟ ɬɟȽ ɦ ɛɏɄɚɪɥȼɟɪɢɒɬɪɆɸɧɯ ɟɧȽ ɟɪɦɚɧɢɹ
ɜ ɫɨ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢɎɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝ ɨɁɚɤɨɧɚɊ Ɏɨɬɧɨ ɹɛɪ ɹɝ
ʋɎɁɡɚɤ ɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜ ɚɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟ ɫɤɨ ɦɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜ ɚɧɢɢ
ɢɡɚɤ ɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜ ɚɨɡɚɳɢɬɟɩɪɚɜɩɨ ɬɪɟ ɛɢɬɟɥɟɣɊ ɨ ɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣɎɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ
ɉɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɹɩɵɥɟɫɨ ɫɵ Ɍ ɨɜɚɪɧɵɣɡɧɚɤ%RVFK
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ Ⱥɫɫ ɨɪɬɢɦɟɧɬ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ ɨɛɧɨɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɹ Ɍɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɷɧɟɪɝɨɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ
ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɭɸ ɬɫɹɉɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɹɪɟɝɭ ɥɹɪɧɨɩɪɨɯɨ ɞɢɬɨɛɹɡɚ ɬɟ ɥɶɧɭɸɩɪɨɰɟɞɭ ɪɭɩɨɞɬɜ ɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɹɫɨɨɬɜɟ ɬɫɬɜɢɹɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨɞɟɣɫɬɜ ɭɸɳɟ-
ɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟ ɥɶɫɬɜ ɭ ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɨ ɪɟɤɜɢɡɢɬɚɯɚɤ ɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɬɨɜɫɨɨɬɜɟ ɬɫɬɜɢɹɢ ɫɪɨɤɚɯ ɢɯ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɚɤɬ ɭɚɥɶɧɭɸɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸɨ
ɤɥɚɫɫɟ ɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚɯ ɷɧɟɪɝɨɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɨɛ ɚɤɬ ɭɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɚɫɫɨɪɬɢɦɟɧɬɟ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɭ ɨɪɝɚ -
ɧɢɡɚɰɢɢɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɳɟɣɮɭɧɤɰɢɢɢɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɧɨɝɨɢɡɝ ɨɬ ɨɜɢɬɟɥɹɧɚɬɟɪɪɢɬ ɨɪɢɢɊɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣɎɟ ɞɟɪɚɰɢɢɈɈɈ©Ȼɋ ɏȻɵɬɨɜɵɟɉɪɢɛɨɪɵª
ɋɚɧɤɬɉɟɬɟɪɛɭ ɪɝ ɝ ɉɟɬ ɟɪɝɨɮ ɭɥ Ʉɚɪ ɥɚɋɢɦɟɧɫɚ ɞ ɥɢɬ Ⱥ ɮɢɥɢɚ ɥ ɜ ɝ
Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ ɭɥ ɆɚɥɚɹɄɚɥɭɠɫɤɚɹɞ ɬɟ ɥɟɮɨɧ
ɮɚɤɫ
ɄɨɦɩɚɧɢɹɈɈɈ©Ȼɋ ɏȻɵɬɨɜɵɟɉɪɢɛɨɪɵªɋɚɧɤɬɉɟɬɟɪɛ ɭɪɝ ɝ ɉɟɬɟɪɝ ɨɮɭɥɄɚɪ ɥɚɋɢɦɟɧɫɚɞɥɢɬ Ⱥɮɢɥɢɚɥɜ ɝ Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ
ɭɥɆɚɥɚɹɄɚɥɭɠɫɤɚɹɞɬɟɥɟɮɨɧɮɚɤɫɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟ ɬɫɜɨɸɞɟɹɬ ɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɩɨɩɨ ɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɸɫɨɨɬɜɟ ɬɫɬɜɢɹ
ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢɨ ɬɢɦɟɧɢɩɪɨɢɡɜɨ ɞɢɬɟ ɥɹɧɚɟ ɞɢɧɨɣɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢȿɜɪɚ ɡɢɣɫɤɨɝɨɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɫɨɸɡɚɜɫɨɨ ɬɜɟ ɬɫɬɜɢɢɫɞɟɣɫɬɜ ɭɸɳɢɦɢ
ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɚɦɢɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɭɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɟɧɧɨɝɨɂɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬ ɟɥɟɦɥɢɰɚɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɟɁɚɤɨɧɨɦ
ɊɎ ʋɎɁ ©Ɉ ɬɟ ɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢª ɞɥɹ ɥɢɰɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɳɟɝɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɢɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɢɡɝɨ ɬɨɜɢɬɟ ɥɹ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ
Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ
ɂɦɩɨɪɬɟɪɨɦ ɜ Ɋ ɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɭɸ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɸ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɫɟɪɢɣɧɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɦɨɣ ɹɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɹ ɈɈɈ ©Ȼɋɏ Ȼɵɬɨɜɵɟ
ɉɪɢɛɨɪɵª ɋɚɧɤɬɉɟɬɟɪɛɭɪɝ ɝ ɉɟɬ ɟɪɝɨɮ ɭɥ Ʉɚɪɥɚ ɋɢɦɟɧɫɚ ɞ ɥɢɬ Ⱥ ɮɢɥɢɚɥ ɜ ɝ Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ ɭɥ Ɇɚɥɚɹ Ʉɚɥɭɠɫɤɚɹ ɞ
ɬɟɥɟɮɨɧ
Ɉɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɜ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤ ɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɳɟɣ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɨɟ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɧɚ
ɪɵɧɤɟ ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɸɡɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɹɊɨɛɟɪɬȻɨɲ ɏɚɭɫɝɟɪɟ ɬɟȽ ɦɛɏɄɚɪɥȼɟɪɢɒɬɪ Ɇɸɧɯɟɧ Ƚɟɪɦɚɧɢɹ5REHUW %RVFK +DXVJHUlWH
*PE+&DUO:HU\6WU 0QFKHQ*HUPDQ\
ɘɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɥɢɰɨɦ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟ ɥɟɦ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɳɢɦ ɨɬ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɢɦɟɧɢ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜ ɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɢ ɨɬɜɟ ɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɡɚ ɟɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟ ɬɫɬɜɢɟ
ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɦɵɯ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ Ȼɋɏ ɏɚɭɫɝ ɟɪɟɬ ɟ Ƚɦɛɏ Ʉɚɪɥȼɟɪɢɒɬɪ Ɇɸɧɯɟɧ Ƚ ɟɪɦɚɧɢɹ %6+
+DXVJHUlWH*PE+&DUO:HU\6WU 0QFKHQ*HUPDQ\
ɉɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɟ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɤɟ ɪɚɡɝɪɭɡɤɟ ɢ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɟ ɬ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɜ ɚɬɶɫɹɩɨɦɢɦɨ ɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ
ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦɢɬɪɟɛɨɜ ɚɧɢɹɦɢ
Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɚ ɬɶ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɸ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɦɟɯ ɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚɦ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɢɢɥɢ
ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɸɟɟɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɢ
ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɢɡ ɛɟɝɚ ɬɶɩɨɩɚɞɚɧɢɹɧɚɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɭɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢɜɨ ɞɵɢɞɪɭɝɢɯɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɟɣ
ɉɟɪɟɞɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɨɣɢɥɢɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɟɣɧɚɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɟɛɵɜɲɟɣɜɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢɩɪɢɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟ ɥɶɧɨɣɬɟɦɩɟɪɚ ɬɭɪɟɧɟɨɛɯɨ ɞɢɦɨɭɛɟɞɢɬɶɫɹɜ
ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢɜɩɪɨ ɞɭɤɰɢɢɜɨ ɞɵ
ɉɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɹɩɪɟ ɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɚɤɢɫɩɨ ɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸɜɭ ɫɥɨɜɢɹɯɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵɜɵɲɟɋɢɨ ɬɧɨɫɢɬɟ ɥɶɧɨɣɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɢɧɟɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɸɳɟɣ
ɉɟɪɟɞ ɧɚɱɚɥɨɦ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɜɲɟɣɫɹ ɩɨɞ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɨɬɪɢɰɚ ɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚ ɬɭɪɵ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɜɵɞɟɪɠɚɬɶɟɟɜɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯɤɨɦɧɚɬɧɨɣɬɟɦɩɟɪɚ ɬɭɪɵɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɱɚɫɨɜ
ɉɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸ ɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹɦɢ ɪɨɡɧɢɱɧɨɣ ɬɨɪɝɨɜ ɥɢ ɜ ɫ ɨɨɬɜɟ ɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨ-
ɞɚɬɟ ɥɶɫɬɜɚ
ɍ ɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɫ ɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ ɫɹ ɜ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɬɨɱɧɟɧɵ ɭ ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɢ-
ɬɟɥɶɧɨɣɜ ɥɚɫɬɢ
Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɣɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟ ɥɟɦ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟɫɪɨɤ ɚ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɬɚ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬ ɫɬɜɢɹ ɷɬɨ ɬ ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɬɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɟɧ ɩɪɢɟ ɟ
ɩɨɫɬɚɜɤɟɩɪɨ ɞɚɠɟ ɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜ ɚɧɢɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɪɨɤɚɫɥɭɠɛɵɭ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɝ ɨ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟ ɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɨ ɫɬɚɬɶɟɣ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ɊɎ ɨ ɡɚɳɢɬɟ
ɩɪɚɜɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟ ɥɟɣɋɪɨɤɫɥɭ ɠɛɵɧɚ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɸɭɤɚɡɚɧɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɦɜɥɢɫɬɨɜɤɟ©ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬ ɟɥɹɨɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɣɧɨɦɢɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɦ
ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɢª
ɉɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɚ ɩɨ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɸ ɩɨɥɟ ©(1U ª ɚɩɪɨɛɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɢɩɭ ɩɨɥɟ ©7\SHª ɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɧɨɦɭ
ɡɧɚɤɭ %RVFK ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɧɵɦ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɸ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɭ ɢ ɢɥɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɯɫɹ ɜ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɯ ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟ ɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɦ
ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɦɢɡɝ ɨɬ ɨɜɢɬɟ ɥɹɛɵɬɨɜɚɹɬɟ ɯɧɢɤɚɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɰɢɪɭɟ ɬɫɹɩɨɫɥɟ ɞɭɸɳɟɣɫɯɟɦɟ
(1U ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɣɧɨɦɟɪ!ɢɧɞɟɤɫɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɣɫɥɭɠɛɵ!
Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɧɨɦɟɪ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟ ɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɛɭɤɜɟɧɧɨɰɢɮɪɨɜɨɟ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɞɥɢɧɨɣ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɜ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɨɟ ɩɪɢ
ɩɪɨɞɚɠɟ ɢɦɟɧɭɟɦɨɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɢɥɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɸ ɛɵɬɨɜɨɝ ɨ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɬɨɪɝɨɜɨɣ ɦɚɪɤɢ %RVFK Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɧɨɦɟɪ ɦɨɞɟ ɥɶ
ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɫɹɦɟɠɞɭɤɨɞɨɜɵɦɫɥɨɜɨɦ©(1U ªɢɤɨɫɨɣɱɟɪɬ ɨɣ©ª
ɂɧɞɟɤɫɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɣ ɫɥɭɠɛɵ ±ɞɜɭɡɧɚɱɧɨɟɰɢɮɪɨɜɨɟɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɩɪɢɫ
ɜɚɢɜɚɟɦɨɟɟɞɢɧɢɰɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢɜɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚɢɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟ-
ɦɨɟɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɣɫɥɭɠɛɨɣ
ɗɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɵɪɚ ɡɪɚɛɚ ɬɵɜɚɸɬ ɫɹɜɭɧɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣɮɨɪɦɟɞɥɹɲɢɪɨɤɨɝ ɨɚɫɫɨɪɬɢɦɟɧɬɚɩɪɨ ɞɭɤɰɢɢɩɨɷɬ ɨɦɭɢɡɝɨɬ ɨɜɢɬɟ ɥɟɦ
ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨ ɬɪɟɧɨ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ ɬɨɪɝɨɜɨɝɨɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɜ ɷɤ ɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɯ ɤɚɤ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɢɱ ɬ ɨ
ɷɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨ ɥɹɟ ɬɨɩɪɟ ɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬ ɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬ ɚɤ ɛɵɬɨɜɨɦɭ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɭ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɟɦɨɦɭɷ ɬɢɦ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢ-
ɨɧɧɵɦɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɦɍ ɫɬɚɧɨɜ ɥɟɧɢɟɜɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢɫɨɨɬɜɟ ɬɫɬɜɢɹɯɚɪɚɤɬɟ ɪɢɫɬɢɤɛɵɬɨɜɨɝ ɨɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɦɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɦɫɹɜ
ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɟɦɵɯɤɧɟɦɭɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬ ɚɯɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬ ɫɹɩɭɬɟɦɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɣɜɷɤɫɩɥɭɚ ɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɯ
ȼɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚ ɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɪɟɞɭ ɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɡɝɨ ɬɨɜɢɬɟ ɥɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɯɨ ɞɢɬɶ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɚɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹɢɧɫɬɪ ɭɤɰɢɹ
ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜ ɨɩɨɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹɨɛɭ ɫɥɨɜɢɹɯɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɣɧɨɝ ɨɢɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɝɨɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ
Ɇɚɪɤɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟ ɬɫɹɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟ ɥɟɦɧɚ ɬɢɩɨɜɨɣɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɧɚ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɨɱɧɨɣ ɷɬɢɤɟɬɤɟɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɧɚ ɭɩɚ-
ɤɨɜɤɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɢɧɵɦɢ ɫɩɨɫ ɨɛɚɦɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɦɢɞɨɫɬ ɭɩɧɨɟ ɢ ɧɚɝɥɹɞɧɨɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ
ɩɪɢɛɨɪɟɜɦɟɫɬɚɯɩɪɨɞɚɠ
ɉɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɹɤɨɬ ɨɪɚɹɩɪɨɲɥɚɩɪɨɰɟ ɞɭɪɭɩɨ ɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɹɫɨɨɬɜ ɟɬ ɫɬɜɢɹɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɪɟɝ ɥɚɦɟɧɬɨɜɌ ɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨ-
ɝɨɫɨɸɡɚɢɢɥɢɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɨɜȿɜɪɚɡɢɣɫɤɨɝ ɨɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɫɨɸɡɚɦɚɪɤɢɪɭɟɬɫɹɟ ɞɢɧɵɦɡɧɚɤɨɦɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ
ɧɚɪɵɧɤɟɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɱɥɟɧɨɜɌ ɚɦɨ ɠɟɧɧɨɝɨɫɨɸɡɚȿɜɪɚɡɢɣɫɤɨɝɨɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɫɨɸɡɚ
ɉɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɹɫɨɨɬɜ ɟɬ ɫɬɜɭɟ ɬɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦɬ ɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɪɟɝ ɥɚɦɟɧɬɚɦɌ ɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝ ɨɫɨɸɡɚ
ɌɊɌɋ ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɚɹɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɶɬɟ ɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ
ɌɊɌɋ Ɉɛɟɡ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢɧɢɡɤɨɜɨɥɶ ɬɧɨɝɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɌɊȿȺɗɋ Ɉɛ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɚɫɧɵɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɜ ɢɡɞɟ ɥɢɹɯ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ ɢ ɪɚɞɢɨɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɢɤɢ ɫ ɞɚɬɵ ɜɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ
ɟɝɨɜɫɢɥɭ
ɗɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɵɧɚɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɸɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸ ɬɫɹɧɚɪɭɫɫɤɨɦɹɡɵɤɟɗɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɵɧɚɝɨɫɭ ɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯɹɡɵɤɚɯɝɨɫɭ-
ɞɚɪɫɬɜɱɥɟɧɨɜ ȿɜɪɚɡɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɸɡɚ ɨ ɬɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɨɬɪɭ ɫɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɫɨɨɬɜ ɟɬ ɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɬɪɟ ɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɜ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚ ɬɟ ɥɶɫɬɜɟɦɨɠ-
ɧɨɛɟɡɜɨ ɡɦɟɡ ɞɧɨɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶɭɬɨɪɝɭɸɳ ɟɣɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢɪɟ ɡɢɞɟɧɬɚɫɨɨɬɜɟ ɬɫɬɜ ɭɸɳɟɝɨɝ ɨɫɭ ɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɱɥɟɧɚȿɜɪɚɡɢɣɫɤɨɝɨɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɫɨɸɡɚ
ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜ ɥɟɧɚɜ ɬɨɪɝɨɜɵɯɡɚɥɚɯɦɨɠɟɬɛɵɬɶɡɚɩɪɨɲɟɧɚ ɩɨ ɬɟɥɟɮɨɧɭɛɟɫɩɥɚɬɧɨɣ©ɝɨɪ ɹɱɟɣɥɢɧɢɢª
ɚɬɚɤɠɟɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɚɜɢɧɬɟɪɧɟɬ ɟɧɚɫɚɣɬɟɩɪɨɢɡɜɨ ɞɢɬɟ ɥɹKWWSZZZ ERVFKKRPHUX