Bedienungsanleitung Casio EA200 (Seite 30 von 55) (Englisch)

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Activity: SetupActivity: Setup

2-9-1

í Equipment

Battery (D.C. Power Supply) Resistor Capacitor Coil Switch

Voltage Measurement Setup (EA-200, graphic scientific calculator, data communication

cable, voltage probe)

í Building the RC Series Circuit

u The product of the resistance value and the capacitor’s capacitance should be around 1.

í Building the RL Series Circuit

u The quotient when the resistance value is divided by the self-inductance of the coil should

be around 1.

This activity investigates transient phenomena when direct current flows through a capacitor

and coil.

Generally speaking, electrical current is the movement of free electrons within metal. When

electrical current flows through a capacitor, electrons are accumulated, and the capacitor

stores the charge. The accumulation of an electrical charge is called “charging,” while the

loss of the charge by the capacitor is called “discharging.”

Connecting a resistor and capacitor serial circuit to a D.C. power supply causes current to

flow to the capacitor, which charges until it reaches a steady state. Now if the power supply

is removed and the circuit is closed, current flows to the capacitor again, which now

discharges until it reaches a steady state. Current flows to the capacitor in the opposite

direction that it flowed during charging. The change in capacitor voltage during the transient

phase until the capacitor reaches a steady state, while charging and discharging is

represented by the expression shown below.

R (V): Voltage Across the Resistor

C (V): Voltage Across the Capacitor

V (V) : Power Supply Voltage

R (Ω) : Resistance

C (F) : Capacitance

t (s ) : Time

When the current flowing through a coil changes over time, the coil induces voltage, like an

electrical generator. This is called “self-induced electromotive force,” which acts to oppose

the change in current. When a D.C. power supply is connected in a resistor and coil series

circuit, the effect of the coil’s self-induced electromotive force can be observed until current

reaches a fixed value. Similarly, self-induced electromotive force can also be observed by

cutting off the power supply to a circuit through which steady current is flowing.

The change in coil voltage during these transient phases is represented by the expressions

below.

R (V): Voltage Across the Resistor

L (V ): Voltage Across the Coil

V (V) : Power Supply Voltage

R (Ω) : Resistance

L (H) : Self-inductance

t (s ) : Time

Direct Current and Transient Phenomena

Theory

1 3V D.C. Power Supply

2 Switch

3 10kΩ Resistor

4 100

F Capacitor

5 Voltage Probe (CH1)

6 EA-200

1 3V D.C. Power Supply

2 Switch

3 0.1Ω Resistor

4 100mH Coil

5 Voltage Probe (CH1)

6 EA-200

1 Circuit With

Power Supply

2 Circuit Without

Power Supply

VC = V – VR = V 1– e

C = VR = V

–

( )

VL = VR – V = – V

VL = VR = V

–

1 Charge Circuit

2 Discharge Circuit

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Casio EA200 Seite 30

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