Bedienungsanleitung Knex 78780 - Education DNA Replication Teachers Guide (Seite 43 von 46) (Alle Sprachen)

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Objectives

Students will be able to:

1. Recognize basic types of errors in DNA replication.

2. Predict altered gene products resulting from errors in replication.

3. Understand how and when errors in replication may lead to permanent mutations.

mAteriAls

Each student group should have the following:

• 1K’NEX DNA, Replication and Transcription kit with building instructions booklet

• Studentjournals(1perstudent)

Prebuild

• EachstudentgroupshouldbeginwithonereplicatedDNAladderthathasbeencoiledintoadouble

helix. The double helix should have one parent strand made with gray Connectors for deoxyribose

sugars and one daughter strand made with yellow Connectors for deoxyribose sugars, as described

in Lesson 3 and as shown on pages 10 – 17 of the K’NEX DNA, Replication and Transcription

building instructions booklet.

• Studentgroupsshouldbeencouragedtousedifferent,randombase-pairsequences.

PreliminAry Activity: Simulating a Mutation Event

• StudentsshouldrecordthebasesequenceofboththeparentanddaughterstrandsoftheirDNA

molecule in their journals. A complementary strand of mRNA should be built as described in

Lesson 4 using the daughter strand as the template. (Reminder: this means that the parent strand

is the coding strand.) The mRNA sequence should also be recorded in the students’ journals and

the corresponding amino acid sequence should be determined and recorded.

• Instructstudentstomutatethedaughter strand of their double helical DNA molecule by using one

of three methods:

1. Substitution: Change the nitrogen-containing base in any one deoxyribonucleotide sub-unit on

the daughter strand. Any teal, black, white or silver rod may be exchanged for one of the three

remaining colors.

2. Deletion: Remove one deoxyribonucleotide sub-unit from any point on the daughter strand,

reconnecting the backbone by linking the remaining adjacent nucleotides.*

3. Insertion: Insert one additional deoxyribonucleotide sub-unit at any point in the backbone of

the daughter strand.*

* NOTE: Students will need to carefully stretch and bend the double-stranded DNA molecule to

accommodate the resulting unmatched nitrogen-containing base in the backbone on one side of

the molecule.

Students should now change the sequence of their mRNA molecule to represent the mutational event

just simulated and record the new sequence in their journals.

MODULE III: CODING, TRANSLATION, AND MUTATIONS

Acknowledgement: The graphic used in the title and as a design element throughout this Guide has been provided courtesy of the National Human

Genome Research Institute.

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