Bedienungsanleitung PENTAGRAM Cerberus P 6331-4 (Seite 31 von 54) (Englisch)

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propagated to other hosts through RIP broadcasts. If you choose No, this route is kept private

and is not included in the RIP broadcasts.

When you are done making changes, click on SAVE to save your changes, DELETE to delete

the rule with the parameters you set, BACK to return to the previous screen or CANCEL to

exit without saving.

NAT

What NAT Does

NAT changes the source IP address in a packet received from a subscriber (the inside

local address) to another (the inside global address) before forwarding the packet to the WAN

side. When the response comes back, NAT translates the destination address (the inside

global address) back to the inside local address before forwarding it to the original inside host.

Note that the IP address (either local or global) of an outside host is never changed. The

global IP addresses for the inside hosts can be either static or dynamically assigned by the

ISP. You may also designate servers, such as a Web server and a telnet server, on your local

network and make them accessible to the outside world. With no servers defined, your router

filters out all incoming inquiries, thus preventing intruders from probing your network. For more

information on IP address translation, refer to RFC 1631, The IP Network Address Translator

(NAT).

Inside/outside indicates where a host is located relative to the router. The computers

hosts of your LAN are inside, while the Web servers on the Internet are outside. Global/local

indicates the IP address of a host in a packet as the packet traverses a router. The local

address refers to the IP address of a host when the packet is in the local network, while the

global address refers to the IP address of the host when the same packet is traveling in the

WAN side.

Note that inside/outside refers to the location of a host, while global/local refers to the IP

address of a host used in a packet. Thus, an inside local address (ILA) is the IP address of an

inside host of a packet when the packet is still in the local network, while an inside global

address (IGA) is the IP address of the same inside host when the packet is on the WAN side.

The following table summarizes this information.

How NAT Works

Each packet has two addresses – a source address and a destination address. For

outgoing packets, the ILA is the source address on the LAN, and the IGA is the source

address on the WAN. For incoming packets, the ILA is the destination address on the LAN,

and the IGA is the destination address on the WAN. NAT maps private (local) IP addresses to

globally unique ones required for communication with hosts on other networks. It replaces the

original IP source address (and TCP or UDP source port numbers for Many-to-One and Many-

to-Many Overload NAT mapping) in each packet and then forwards it to the Internet. The

ROUTER keeps track of the original addresses and port numbers so incoming reply packets

can have their original values restored.

NAT Mapping Types

NAT supports five types of IP/port mapping. They are:

One-to-One – In One-to-One mode, the TC3162 EVM maps one local IP address to one

global IP address.

Many-to-One – In Many-to-One mode, the TC3162 EVM maps multiple local IP addresses to

one global IP address.

Many-to-Many Overload – In Many-to-Many Overload mode, the TC3162 EVM maps multiple

local IP addresses to shared global IP addresses.

Many-to-Many No Overload – In Many-to-Many No Overload mode, the TC3162 EVM maps

each local IP address to a unique global IP address.

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