Bedienungsanleitung PENTAGRAM Cerberus P 6341 (Seite 69 von 84) (Englisch)

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PENTAGRAM Cerberus P 6341

Virtual Server

In TCP/IP and UDP networks a port is a 16-bit number used to identify which application

program (usually a server) incoming connections should be delivered to. Some ports have

numbers that are pre-assigned to them by the IANA (the Internet Assigned Numbers

Authority), and these are referred to as “well-known ports”. Servers follow the well-known port

assignments so clients can locate them.

If you wish to run a server on your network that can be accessed from the WAN (i.e. from

other machines on the Internet that are outside your local network), or any application that can

accept incoming connections (e.g. Peer-to-peer/P2P software such as instant messaging

applications and P2P file-sharing applications) and are using NAT (Network Address

Translation), then you need to configure your router to forward these incoming connection

attempts using specific ports to the PC on your network running the application. You also need

to use port forwarding if you wish to host an online game server.

The reason is that when using NAT, your publicly accessible IP address is used by and points

to your router, which needs to deliver all traffic to the private IP addresses used by your PCs.

Please see the

WAN configuration section of this manual for information on NAT.

The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is the central coordinator for the assignment

of unique parameter values for Internet protocols. Port numbers range from 0 to 65535, but

only port numbers 0 to 1023 are reserved for privileged services and are designated as “well-

known ports”. The registered ports are numbered from 1024 through 49151. The remaining

ports, referred to as dynamic ports, or private ports, are numbered from 49152 through 65535.

Examples of well-known and registered port numbers are shown below, for further

information, please see IANA’s website at: http://www.iana.org/assignments/port-numbers

Note: Using port forwarding does have security implications, since outside users are

able to connect to PCs on your network. For this reason you are advised to use specific

Virtual Server entries just for the ports your application requires instead of simply

using DMZ or creating a Virtual Server entry for “All” protocols, as doing so results in

all connection attempts to your public IP address accessing the specified PC.

Attention: If you disable the NAT option in the WAN / WAN Profile section, the Virtual

Server function becomes invalid.

Attention: If the DHCP server option is enabled, you have to be very careful in

assigning the IP addresses of the virtual servers in order to avoid conflicts. The easiest

way of configuring Virtual Servers is to manually assign a static IP address to each

virtual server PC, with an address that does not fall into the range of IP addresses that

are issued by the DHCP server. You can configure the virtual server IP address

manually, but it must still be in the same subnet as the router.

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