76 Appendix
Appendix
7
original authors’ reputations.
Finally , any free pr ogram is threatened
constantly by software patents. We wish
to avoid the danger that redistributors of a
free program will individually obtain patent
licenses, in eect making the program
proprietary. T o prevent this, w e have made
it clear that any patent must be licensed for
everyone’ s free use or not licensed at all.
The precise terms and conditions for
copying, distribution and modication
follow .
TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR
COP YING, DISTRIBUTION AND
MODIFICA TION
0. This License applies to any pr ogram
or other work which contains a notice
placed by the copyright holder saying
it may be distributed under the terms
of this General Public License. The
“Program ” , below, r efers to any such
program or work, and a “work based
on the Program ” means either the
Program or an y derivative work under
copyright law: that is to say, a work
containing the Program or a portion of
it, either verbatim or with modications
and/or translated into another
language. (Hereinafter , translation
is included without limitation in the
term “ modication ” .) Each licensee is
addressed as “y ou” .
Activities other than copying,
distribution and modication are
not covered by this License; they are
outside its scope. The act of running
the Program is not r estricted, and the
output from the Pr ogram is covered
only if its contents constitute a work
based on the Program (independent
of having been made by running the
Program). Whether that is true depends
on what the Program does .
1. Y ou may copy and distribute verbatim
copies of the Program ’ s sour ce code
as you receive it, in any medium,
provided that you conspicuously and
appropriately publish on each copy
an appropriate copyright notice and
disclaimer of warranty ; keep intact all
the notices that ref er to this License and
to the absence of any warranty; and
give any other recipients of the Prog ram
a copy of this License along with the
Program.
Y ou may charge a fee f or the physical
act of transferring a copy, and you ma y
at your option oer warranty protection
in exchange for a fee .
2. Y ou may modify your copy or copies
of the Program or an y portion of it,
thus forming a work based on the
Program, and cop y and distribute such
modications or work under the terms
of Section 1 above, provided that you
also meet all of these conditions:
a) Y ou must cause the modied les
to carry prominent notices stating
that you changed the les and the
date of any change.
b) Y ou must cause any work that you
distribute or publish, that in whole
or in part contains or is derived
from the Pr ogram or any part
thereof, t o be licensed as a whole
at no charge to all third parties
under the terms of this License.
c) I f the modied program normally
reads commands interactively
when run, you must cause it, when
started running for such interactive
use in the most ordinary way, to
print or display an announcement
including an appropriate copyright
notice and a notice that there
is no warranty (or else, saying
that you provide a warranty) and
that users may redistribute the
program under these conditions,
and telling the user how to view a
copy of this License. (Exception: if
the Program itself is int eractive but
does not normally print such an
announcement, your work based
on the Program is not r equired to
print an announcement.)
These requirements apply to the
modied work as a whole. If identiable
sections of that work are not derived
from the Pr ogram, and can be
reasonably considered independent
and separate works in themselves, then
this License, and its terms, do not apply
to those sections when you distribute
them as separate works. But when you
distribute the same sections as part of
a whole which is a work based on the
Program, the distribution of the whole
must be on the terms of this License,
whose permissions for other licensees
extend to the entire whole, and thus to
each and every par t regardless of who
wrote it.
Thus, it is not the intent of this section
to claim rights or contest your rights
to work written entirely by you; rather ,
the intent is to exercise the right to
control the distribution of derivative or
collective works based on the Program.
In addition, mere aggregation of
another work no t based on the P rogr am
with the Program ( or with a work based
on the Program) on a v olume of a
storage or distribution medium does
not bring the other work under the
scope of this License.
3. Y ou may copy and distribute the
Program ( or a work based on it, under
Section 2) in object code or executable
form under the terms of Sections 1 and
2 above provided that you also do one
of the following:
a) A ccompan y it with the complete
corresponding machine-readable
source code, which must be
distributed under the terms of
Sections 1 and 2 above on a
medium customarily used for
software interchange; or ,
b) Accompany it with a written oer ,
valid for at least three years , to give
any third party, for a char ge no
more than your cost of physically
performing source distribution,
a complete machine-readable
copy of the corresponding source
code, to be distributed under the
terms of Sections 1 and 2 above
on a medium customarily used for
software interchange; or ,
c) A ccompany it with the inf ormation
you received as to the o er
to distribute corresponding
source code. ( This alternative is
allowed only for noncommercial
distribution and only if you
received the program in object
code or executable form with such
an oer , in accord with Subsection
b above.)
The source code for a work means the
preferred f orm of the work for making
modications to it. For an ex ecutable
work, complete source code means
all the source code for all modules it
contains, plus any associated interface
denition les, plus the scripts used to
control compilation and installation
of the executable. However , as a
special exception, the source code
distributed need not include anything
that is normally distributed (in either
source or binary form) with the major
components (compiler , kernel, and
so on) of the operating system on
which the executable runs, unless that
component itself accompanies the
executable.
If distribution of executable or object
code is made by oering access t o copy
from a designated place, then o ering
equivalent access to copy the source
code from the same place counts as
distribution of the source code, even
though third parties are not compelled
to copy the source along with the
object code.
4. Y ou may not copy , modify , sublicense,
or distribute the Program ex cept as
expressly provided under this License.
Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify ,
sublicense or distribute the Program is
void, and will automatically terminate
your rights under this License. However ,
parties who have received copies, or
rights, from you under this License
will not have their licenses terminated
so long as such parties remain in full
compliance.
5. Y ou are not r equired to accept this
License, since you have not signed
it. However , nothing else grants you
permission to modify or distribute the
Program or its derivative w orks. T hese
actions are prohibited by law if you do
not accept this License. Therefor e, by
HB985_USA_Open Source_ENG.indd 76 2011-09-27 �� 5:11:51