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۞೯ኙྡྷᖙ܂Δലઌᖲ๻ࡳ੡۞೯ኙྡྷᑓڤΔٵழലᢴߪՂኙྡྷၨ๻ࡳ੡ $) ۯ
ᆜ ڕቹ ΙૉᎹՀ඿Ꮑ֫೯ᓳለྡྷ၏ΔຍױലᢴߪՂኙྡྷၨ๻ࡳ੡ 0) ۯᆜΔ
ᤉۖ᠏೯ኙྡྷᛩ܂ྡྷ၏ᓳለΖ
ኙྡྷᑓڤऱޓޏࡉ๻ࡳΔᓮ㧬ᔹઌᖲᖙ܂֫㡸Ζ
$ ) פ౨಻ش࣍ 1LNRQΕ 3HQWD[Ε 6RQ\ ࿛঴ྨழΔᏁီ׏ᖲጟীᇆਢܡ֭ࠠག
၌ᜢंኙྡྷ್ሒΔૉᢴᙰլ֭གڼᣊ್ሒΔ۞೯ኙྡྷᖙ܂ലլᔞشΖ
ءᢴᙰױڇ۞೯ኙྡྷᑓڤՀၞ۩֫೯ኙྡྷΖ׽૞ނઌᖲ๻ࡳڇ 21( 6+27
$)6 ໢്۞೯ኙྡྷᑓڤΔ܃ঁױתਊݶ॰ၨΔڇᢴᙰ۞೯ኙྡྷ৵٦אԳ֫ᓳ
ᖞྡྷរΖ
ڇ֫೯ኙྡྷᑓڤՀࠌشءᢴᙰΖ່ړ٣ڇᨠནᕴփᨠ઎ኙྡྷਢܡᄷᒔΖ଺ڂڇ
ᄵ৫஁ฆᄕՕழΔᢴᙰփऱᢴׂױ౨ᄎឩ്ࡉگᜍΔᖄીྡྷរೣฝΖᔞ್ᢴᙰ
ऱྤૻ᎛ྡྷរբቃ٣܂נઌᚨ಻ٽΖʳ
ʳ
π᧢
᧢
ྡྷ ρʳ
ʳ ല᧢ྡྷᛩ᠏೯۟ٽᔞऱྡྷ၏Ζʳ
ྡྷ ၏ ᠙ ࡳ ၨ
ءᢴᙰ௽๻ όྡྷ၏᠙ࡳၨ /2&.ύΔאᝩ܍ᢴᙰিऴٻՀழ࢓Հᄶ೯Δڼ᠙ࡳפ
౨వױڇ PP ྡྷ၏سய ቹ ΙૉᏁᇞೈפ౨Δױലᢴࡳၨᐸڃό81/2&.
ᇞೈ᠙ࡳঁױύΖ
ڶ ᣂ 26߻ ᔼ ߓ อ հ ௽ រ
ڼᢴᙰऱ 26 ߻ᔼߓอ౨྇܅ࢨ௣ೈઌᖲڇࣁ᥊խڂ᎘პᔼ೯ۖᖄીቹቝᔆၦ
ᑓᒫΖ
ᢴᙰڇඔ೯ 26 ߻ᔼߓอᖙ܂ழΔຒ৫ֺإൄ޲๻ڼפ౨ऱપ܅؄్Δრܛ౨୲
๺ࠌشለኬऱݶ॰ຒ৫ࣁ᥊Δᨃቹׂய࣠ޓ堚㵷Ζ๻ࡳ 26 ၨ۟ᑓڤቹ Δਊ
Հݶ॰ᤩ࣋ၨԫת࠷ྡྷΔڇᐙቝ堚㵷৵Δঁױ٤ਊݶ॰ᤩ࣋ၨࣁᅃᅝਊՀݶ॰ᤩ
࣋ၨԫת࠷ྡྷழΔᢴ᧯փᆜ 26 ߓอપא ઞழၴ܂൶ྒྷΖᑓڤ Δೠྒྷઌᖲֽ
ؓᔼ೯֗ቃྒྷאإ૿ۖࠐऱ๯᥊᧯Δאᛧ堚㵷ऱᐙቝΖ
Ŧ 26 ߻ᔼߓอਢ੡֫਍ᢴᙰࣁ᥊ۖ๻ૠΔאՀൣउڼפ౨ࢨய࣠լࠋΖ
ƒڇ۩ᕍխऱٌຏՠࠠՂތࣁΖ
ƒ๠ᄀ೯լࡳऱچֱՂၞ۩ތࣁΖ
Ŧ ᓮܑڇאՀൣउࠌش 26 ߻ᔼߓอΖ
ƒᅝᢴᙰᇘᆜڇᆬਮՂ
ƒ% ݶ॰९ழၴ㇬٠
Ŧ ᢴᙰ 26 ߻ᔼפ౨ऱሎ܂Δ٤ࠉᘸઌᖲऱሽ౨༼ࠎΔਚઌᖲڇ಻شڼᢴ֗ඔ೯
߻ᔼפ౨ԫದࠌشழΔᖲߪऱሽ౨௣౛ၦֺؓൄ௣౛੡೏Δ੡ᆏઊሽ౨Δᓮᣂ
ຨ 2)) ߻ᔼפ౨ڇլᏁࠌش߻ᔼழ
Ŧ ലᢴᙰ಻Ղᖲߪࢨ侏ೈழΔ೭ؘല߻ᔼၨ๠ 2)) ᣂຨۯᆜΖ
Ŧ ᅝᤛ೯ݶ॰ᤩ࣋ၨ৵Δ٠ᖂ᡹ࡳ߻ᔼᇘᆜܛழᖙ܂Δપࡉᡜ٠ଖڇᖲփ᧩قழ
ၴઌٵΔڇڼཚၴ֊֎ലᢴᙰฝೈࢨ࠵ೈᖲߪሽۃΔڼױᖄીᢴփ 26 ߻ᔼᇘ
ᆜჾᡏΖ
Ŧ ڇ٤ਊՀݶ॰ၨழࢨփᆜೂᗉךሽழΔኘᤚᨠནᕴփቹቝലڶ᎘პᔼ೯Δڼ᥆
إൄ෼ွΔኙࢬ᥊ቹቝࠀྤᐙ᥼Ζ
Ŧ ૉᣂຨઌᖲሽᄭࢨೖش٠ᖂ᡹ࡳ߻ᔼᇘᆜழΔᢴ᧯ࢨᄎ࿇נʳ 䢅Ε䢅ʳ ᜢ㫠Δڼ
լਢᜢ㫠ࠀլਢਚᎽംᠲΖ
Ŧ $32 PP ) '* 26 +60 ᧢ྡྷᢴΔ಻ش࣍ ౉؍6RQ\Εᎏ൓
3DQWD[ հᖲጟՂױٵழ࿇ཀᢴߪ߻ᔼ֗၌ᜢຒኙྡྷפ౨Ζڇඔ೯ᢴߪ߻ᔼפ
౨ழΔ೭ᓮലᖲߪՂ٠ᖂ߻ᔼפ౨ᣂຨΔթױࠌشΖૉࠌشᖲߪՂ٠ᖂ߻ᔼפ
౨ΔՈؘᏁലᢴߪ߻ᔼפ౨ᣂຨΖ
Ŧ ٠ᖂ᡹ࡳ߻ᔼפ౨ױ಻ٽאՀ।٨խऱʳ ؍ൈʳ ۞೯ኙྡྷઌᖲࠌشΙࣹრΔૉ܂
।٨խऱীᇆ಻شڼᢴጚΔᓮല 26 ߻ᔼᐸڃ 2)) ᣂຨۯᆜΖ
ࢬڶᑇᒘ໢ᢴ֘٠ઌᖲߓ٨Ε)
੡ၞԫޡԱᇞ౨಻شऱᖲጟীᇆࡉ٠ᖂ᡹ࡳ߻ᔼפ౨Δᓮ೶ᔹլឰޓᄅऱᔞ್
ጻ଄Ζʳ
ᆬ ਮ ຑ ൷ ஆ
ڼᢴॵՂᆬਮຑ൷ஆΔᅝ࣋ᠾਮஆலऱ᠙ၨΔᢴᙰױᙟᖲ᧯۞ط᠏೯ࢨ܂ֽؓڤΕ
িऴ࠷ࡲࣁ᥊ቹ ʳ
ڕ ۶ 侏 ೈ ᆬ ਮ ຑ ൷ ஆ
੡ֱঁ֫਍ࣁ᥊Δױ侏ೈᆬਮຑ൷ஆΔଈ࣋ᠾਮஆலऱ᠙ၨ௕Δਊቹ  ല᠙
ၨ௕ඝ۟ź5(029( ۯᆜቹ ʼΖʳ
ᤉۖല᠙ၨ௕ࢸᠦࡐࡳۯᆜቹ Δᆬਮຑ൷ஆঁױᠾๅΖ
Ŧ ױૹ៿אՂ࿓ݧΔലᆬਮຑ൷ஆᇘ಻ڃᢴߪՂ
Ŧ ڇᢴᙰլᏁ侏ೈࢨᇘ಻ڃᆬਮຑ൷ஆழΔ֊ಖլױല᠙ၨ௕ඝ۟ź5(029( ۯ
ᆜΔڼױᖄ ીᢴᙰࡉᖲ᧯ๅᆵᏽچΔٵழᓮല᠙ၨጹ᠙Ζ
Ŧ ᅝᢴᙰբᇘ಻ڇᖲ᧯ழΔᓮլ૞࠵ೈᆬਮຑ൷ஆΖ
ॊ ൅
ᓮലॊ൅ᢀ࣍ቹ ࢬقຝٝΖ
່ २ ኙ ྡྷ ၏ ᠦ
ᢴᙰऱ່२ኙྡྷ၏ᠦΔ٤ီ׏ࠡྡྷ၏᧢೯৵ࢬᢴྡྷ੄ۖڶࢬޏ೯Ζ
ቹ ± Ĭ ᧩قٺྡྷ੄ऱ່२ኙྡྷ၏ᠦΖ
ቹ ± ĭ ᧩قٺྡྷ੄ऱ່೏࣋Օ෷ᑇଖΖ
ೂ ᗉ ᥊ ᐙ
ڇࠌشڼᢴၞ۩ೂᗉ᥊ᐙழΔᓮ֎ࠌشᖲߪփॵᆜೂᗉΔ܍ᖄીᐙቝՀຝנ෼ࣖ
ᄆ႕ᐙ෼ቝΙ৬ᤜࠌش؆ᆜೂᗉΖ
᎛ ᥊ ᏺ ၏ ᢴ
ڼᢴױ಻شᔞ್ऱ $32 (; [ ࢨ [᎛᥊ᏺ၏ᢴ׼᝜ᆜΔྡྷ၏ܛױ։ܑ
ᏺ࢏ሒ PP ) ࢨ PP ) ၌᎛᥊ऱᢴΖ٤ႛૻ֫೯ኙ
ྡྷᖙ܂
Ŧ ।٨ՂऱᢴᙰΔլױ಻شࠡה঴ྨऱᏺ၏ᢴΖ
Ŧ ᎏ൓൷ᛩᏺ၏ᢴࠀլ֭གڼᣊਐࡳীᇆᢴᙰΖ
Ŧ ڇ಻ش '6/5 ᑇᒘ໢ᢴ֘٠ઌᖲழΔ㺞௺৬ᤜᢴᙰᚨ಻ش '* ߓ٨ऱ $32 ᎛᥊
ᏺ၏ᢴΖ
Ŧ ૉઌᖲ $) ۞೯ኙྡྷᑓڤ๻࣍³ኙֺڤ´ኙྡྷழΔኔழ࠷ནኙྡྷפ౨ױٵழച۩Ζ
ᔟ ٠ ᆝ
ᢴᙰॵಬԫଡ༺࣋ڤᔟ٠ᆝΔ܂شਢ߻ַ׌᧯હ৵٠ᄭขسऱᤌ٠೒ᐙΖࠌشழΔ
ؘႊᒔঅᔟ٠ᆝբᆖݙ٤᠙ጹߠቹ Ζ
Ŧ ᔟ٠ᆝױ֘ٻڜᇘאঁژ࣋ߠቹ Ζ
ៀ ᢴ
Ŧ ޢڻ׽ױࠌشԫ࣭ៀᢴΖڕ࣠ࠌش࣭ࠟאՂ֗Яࢨࠌشೣ٠ᢴ࿛௽দៀᢴΔຟ
ױ౨ᄎທګᄉᐙΖ
Ŧ $) ઌᖲᚨᙇشႽݮೣ٠ᢴΖ
᠏ ൷ ᛩ PPψ PP
᠏൷ᛩΔױܓشڼᙟᢴॵٙΔല PP অᥨᢴׂڜ࣋ڇᢴᙰՂΖ
Ŧ ڼ᠏൷ᛩಕᔞش࣍ $36& ᑇᒘ໢ᢴᖲΙլᔞش࣍ႚტᕴ᧯ᗨՕ࣍ $36& ऱઌ
ᖲΔڂڼױᖄીᐙቝנ෼ᄉߡᄆߡ෼ွΖ
Ŧ ᓮլ૞ല 3/ ೣ஡ៀᢴ٠ᢴׂፖ᠏൷ᛩຑ൷Ιૉൎ۩ຑ൷ࢨױᖄીᢴׂլ౨٦侏
ೈΖ
Ŧ ૉ᠏൷ᛩլ౨ൕᢴՂ࠵ೈΔױش֫༳՛֨ጹᚘ᠏൷ᛩՂΔא֘ழಾֱٻ᠏೯ঁ
ױΖ
Ŧ ڇ᠏൷ᛩ಻ش࣍ᢴՂ৵Δ଺ᢴ።ঁլᔞشΔᓮ۞ᙇش PP ᢴ።ঁױΖ
অ 塄 ֗ ژ ࣋
Ŧ ᚨᝩ܍ᐳᚰࢨऴ൷ᆜ࣋ڇᎩᑷΕᄕܐࢨᑪᛘऱᛩቼՀΖ
Ŧ ڕ࣠૞९ཚژ࣋Δࡵᙇᖗອළ೓෯֗ຏଅߜړऱچֱΖ੡ԱঅᥨᢴᙰऱףᓂᐋΔ
ࡵ᎛ᠦ߻៽Մࢨ߻៽Մ࿇נ௛᧯ऱچֱΖ
Ŧ ᢴׂՂऱۆৃࢨਐెױشਫຌპᛘऱᢴᙰؒࢨᢴᙰ౐堚ᑥΔ൫֊֎شᄫᕪΕ૖
ࢨࠡהڶᖲ堚ᑥᕪΖ
Ŧ ءᢴᙰࠀլ߻ֽΔՀॸࢨ൷२ֽᄭழࠌش௽ܑ՛֨Δ֊֎ݫᛘΖଣૉփຝᖲٙΕ
ᢴׂ֗ሽ՗ሿٙڂ࠹ᛘݫჾΔՕຟྤऄଥ෻Ζ
Ŧ ᄵ৫ડ᧢ױ౨ᄎחᢴᙰ।૿ᕩ࿨ᣆ௛ࢨֽរΔڂڼڇ֚௛༃ܐழၞԵᄊࡉऱ৛
փᛩቼΔ່ړലᢴᙰ࣋ڇᢴᙰ๳փΔऴ۟ᢴᙰᄵ৫൷२৛ᄵ੡ַΖ
׽⃰شՊխ㧺ʳ 䣈
䣈
঴ ֫ 㡸 ք Ẋ ٲ 呐 ढ 凝 ऱ ټ 㲯 א ֗ ژ ڇ ᩓ ܡ
ʳ
ڶ੅ڶ୭ढ凝ࢨցై
ຝٙټ㲯
卋
3E
ޤ
+J
叏
&G
ք᪔卲
&U
ڍᖾ侶૖
3%%
ڍᄽԲ૖ㅘ
3%'(
؆㨆८㺉ຝٙ ͪ Ϥ Ϥ Ϥ Ϥ Ϥ
؆㨆䰵౟ຝٙ Ϥ Ϥ Ϥ Ϥ Ϥ Ϥ
ഗࣨຝٙ ͪ Ϥ Ϥ Ϥ Ϥ Ϥ
٠䝤ຝٙ Ϥ Ϥ Ϥ Ϥ Ϥ Ϥ
᫕ඳຝٙ Ϥ Ϥ Ϥ Ϥ Ϥ Ϥ
䩥
ࣹ
׽⃰شՊխ㧺
Ϥ।ق具ڶ੅ڶ୭ढ凝ڇ具ຝٙࢬڶढ݁凝ޗறխऱܶၦ݁ڇ 6-7 䰬
଱億ࡳऱૻၦ૞ޣאՀΖ
g।ق具ڶ੅ڶ୭ढ凝ࠩڇ具ຝٙऱਬԫ݁凝ޗறխऱܶၦ၌נ 6-7
䰬଱億ࡳऱૻၦ૞ޣΖ
 ࢨ 䨞ݮܶ㠼 ڼ䰬兘ਢ⃰شՊڇխ㧺ቼ㡕历ഇऱ䶣՗允ஒ䣈঴ऱ㩾অࠌشཚૻΖ
ڼ䣈঴ࠌشृ׽૞ᙅښڜ٤ࡉࠌشՂऱࣹრࠃ咊Δ㡘س䣈հֲದऱԼڣࢨնڣཚ吗լ
㢸㢑㩾ቼۆ਩ΔՈլ㢸㢑Գߪࡉ凗䣈ທګૹՕᐙ㫠Ζ
₼㠖崹
㢝
㦇
㐐Ἤ⫼ ⥀㪼⪰ Ạ㢹䚨㨰㊈㉐ ␴␜䢼 ᵄ㇠䚝⏼␘ ⸬ ㉘⮹㉐⪰ 㢱㡰㐔 䟸 ⥀㪼㢌 ὤ⏙
㦤㣅 㼜Ἵㇵ㢌 㨰㢌㥄㡸 㥉䞉䚌᷀ 㢨䚨䚌㜠 ㇠㟝䚨 㨰㐐Ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘ ❄䚐 ⸬ ㉘⮹㉐⏈
ᴵ 㾨⮈⢰ ⫼㟨䏬ⷸ ḩ㟝㉘⮹㉐⦐ ╌㛨 㢼㡰⮤ ⥀㪼䚡⯝⫼␘ ㇠㟝䚌㐐⏈ 䚨␭ 㾨⮈⢰㢌
㼜Ἵ㉘⮹㉐㝴 䚜󰜍 㵬Ḕ䚌㐐Ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘
ᷱḔ 㼜Ἵ ⺴㨰㢌⦐ ㇠㟝㣄ᴴ 䙰䚨⪰ 㢹㡸 ᴴ⏙㉥㢨 㢼㏩⏼␘
Š⥀㪼⪰ 㣙㵝䚐 㾨⮈⢰⦐ 䈐㛅 ⵃ ᵉ䚐 ṅ㉔㡸 㡕㙼㡰⦐ 㫵㥅 ⸰ ⚀ 㐐⥙㣙㚔⪰ 㸼⣌䚔 ㍌
㢼㏩⏼␘ 䏭䢼 ⥀㪼⬀㡰⦐ 䈐㛅㡸 㫵㥅 ⸰ ᷱ㟤 㐘⮹㢌 㠄㢬㢨 ╝⏼␘
㨰㢌 㼜Ἵ ⺴㨰㢌⦐ ㇠㟝㣄ᴴ 䙰䚨⪰ 㢹ᶤ⇌ Ɒ㫼㤵 ㋄䚨㢌 ⵐ㈑ᴴ⏙㉥㢨 㢼㏩⏼␘
Š㚒◘ 㿕㡸 ⥀㪼⦐⺴䉤 ⺸⫠䚐 㵸 ⵝ㾌䚌⮨ 䈐㛅ṅ㜄 㢌䚌㜠 㬅ṅ䜸ㇵ㢨 ⵐ㈑ 䞈㣠㢌
㠄㢬㢨 ╝⏼␘
Š⫼㟨䏬 ⺴⺸㡴 ⸩㣕䚐 Ạ㦤⦐ ╌㛨 㢼㡰⳴⦐ 㦤㐠䚌㜠 㼜Ἵ䚌㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘
Šㇰᴵ␴⏈ ᵉ⓸ᴴ ⋆㡴 㥐䖼㡸 Ề㣙䚝⏼␘ ᵉ⓸ᴴ 㚱䚐 ㇰᴵ␴ ㇠㟝 㐐 㘤⤠㫼 㜰⥘ᴴ
㢼㏩⏼␘
ᴵ⺴㢌 ⮹㾡䖐 
䙸䉤㋀䁇㩀⫵㩀 ⢱ ㏘㠸㾌
䔠䀘㏘ ⫵䔠䀘㏘ ⯜☐ 㤸䞌㏘㠸㾌26㏘㠸㾌
ᶤ⫠䖐㐐⫼㟨䏬⥀㪼 䟸☐
㫴䖐㉔䏬⢰㢨䔠☐ ㋀䁇  6WHS'RZQ5LQJ
⏼䂌 $) 䇴㢹 㾨⮈⢰
Ŧ㢨 ⥀㪼㢌 ὤ⏙☘㡴*䇴㢹㦤⫠ᵐ ⫵㢨 㛺⏈ 㝘䋔 䔠䀘㏘ ⏼䂌 ⥀㪼㝴 ┍㢰
䚝⏼␘ 㾨⮈⢰㝴㢌 㦤䚝㜄 ♤⢰ 㢰⺴ ὤ⏙☘㢌 㥐䚐㢨 㢼㡸 ㍌ 㢼㏩⏼␘ 㦴⒈
㣄㉬䚐 ⇨㟝㡴 㾨⮈⢰㢌 ㇠㟝 ㉘⮹㉐⪰ 㵬㦤 䚌㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘
䓐䇵㏘ $) 䇴㢹 㾨⮈⢰
㢨 ⥀㪼㢌 ὤ⏙☘㡴)$-䇴㢹㦤⫠ᵐ ⫵㢨 㛺⏈ 㝘䋔 䔠䀘㏘ 䓐䇵㏘ ⥀㪼㝴 ┍㢰
䚝⏼␘ 㾨⮈⢰㝴㢌 㦤䚝㜄 ♤⢰ 㢰⺴ ὤ⏙☘㢌 㥐䚐㢨 㢼㡸 ㍌ 㢼㏩⏼␘ 㦴⒈ 㣄㉬䚐
⇨㟝㡴 㾨⮈⢰㢌 ㇠㟝 ㉘⮹㉐⪰ 㵬㦤 䚌㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘
⥀㪼㢌 㣙㵝ⵝⷉ
㾨⮈⢰㜄 㣙㵝 㵝䇼ⵝⷉ㡴 ㇠㟝䚌㐐⏈ 㾨⮈⢰ 㥐㦤㇠㢌 ⥀㪼ẤḰ ┍㢰䚌⳴⦐ 㾨⮈⢰
㇠㟝㉘⮹㉐⪰ 㵬Ḕ䚌㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘
Ŧ⫼㟨䏬 ⮨㜄⏈ 㦤⫠ᵐ 㜤┍㟝 $) 㜤┍㟝 㣙㾌 ⵃ 㤸ὤ 㥅㥄 ☥㢨 㢼㏩⏼␘ ㇵ㷌 ⵃ
㝘㜰㜄 㢌䚌㜠 㝘㣅┍ ⵃ Ḕ㣙㢌 㠄㢬㢨 ╌⳴⦐ 㨰㢌 ⵈ⣁⏼␘
㦤⫠ᵐ ㉘㥉
㦤⫠ᵐ ㉘㥉ⵝⷉ㡴 ㋀㫴䚌Ḕ ᷸㐔 㾨⮈⢰ 㥐㦤㇠㢌 ⥀㪼ẤḰ ┍㢰䚌⳴⦐ 㾨⮈⢰
㇠㟝㉘⮹㉐⪰ 㵬Ḕ䚌㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘
㸼㥄 ⵃ 㩀
㢨 ⥀㪼⏈ 䚌㢨䒰 ㋀⏽ ⯜䉤+60㸼㢀䑀 ⯜䉤⪰㵸䈑䚌㜠 㐔㋁䚐 㝘䋔 䔠䀘㏘㝴
㣅┍㢀㢌 㥐ᶤ⪰ 㐘䜸䚌㜴㏩⏼␘
䇶
6,*0$$) 㝴 &$121$)
䇷
㝘䋔 䔠䀘㏘ 㣅┍㡸 㠸䚨㉐⏈ ⥀㪼㢌 䔠䀘㏘ ⯜☐ ㏘㠸㾌⪰
³
$)
´
⯜☐⦐ ㉘㥉䚌㐐ὤ
ⵈ⣁⏼␘

Ἤ⫰

䔠䀘㏘⪰ ㍌┍㡰⦐ ㉘㥉䚌㐐ὤ⪰ 㠄䚌㐘 ᷱ㟤
⥀㪼㢌 䔠䀘㏘ ⯜☐
㏘㠸㾌⪰
³
0
´
⯜☐⦐ ㉘㥉䚌㐐⮨ 䔠䀘㏘ ⫵㡸 ─⥘ 㸼㥄 㦤㥉㢨 ᴴ⏙䚝⏼␘
䇶
1,.21$)3(17$;$) 㝴 621<
䇷
㝘䋔 䔠䀘㏘ 㣅┍㡸 㠸䚨㉐⏈ 㾨⮈⢰⪰$)⯜☐⦐ ㉘㥉䚌㐔 䟸 ⥀㪼㢌 䔠䀘㏘ ⯜☐
㏘㠸㾌⪰³$)´ ⯜☐⦐ ㉘㥉䚌㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘ Ἤ⫰  䔠䀘㏘⪰ ㍌┍㡰⦐
㉘㥉䚌㐐ὤ⪰ 㠄䚌㐘 ᷱ㟤 ⥀㪼㢌 䔠䀘㏘ ⯜☐ ㏘㠸㾌⪰³0´ ⯜☐⦐ ㉘㥉䚌㐐⮨
䔠䀘㏘ ⫵㡸 ─⥘ 㸼㥄 㦤㥉㢨 ᴴ⏙䚝⏼␘
Ŧ
㾨⮈⢰㢌 䔠䀘㐥 ⯜☐⪰ ⷴᷱ䚌ὤ 㠸䚨㉐⏈ 㾨⮈⢰ ㇠㟝 ㉘⮹㉐⪰ 㵬㦤䚌㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘
Ŧ⏼䂌 䓐䇵㏘ ㋀⏼ ⫼㟨䏬㢌 ᷱ㟤 㾨⮈⢰ ⵈ♈㜄㉐$) ⪰ 㫴㠄䚨 㨰⏈ ⯜⒬㜄⬀
+60 Ḱ ᵍ㡴 㸼㢀䑀 ⯜䉤ᴴ 㫴㠄╝⏼␘ 㾨⮈⢰ ⵈ♈㜄㉐ 㢨⤠䚐 ⯜䉤 䇴㢹㡸
㫴㠄䚨㨰㫴 㙾㡰⮨$)ὤ⏙㡴 㣅┍╌㫴 㙾㏩⏼␘
Ŧ㢨 ⥀㪼⏈$) 㜄 ㉘㥉═ ㇵ䈐㜄㉐ ⬘⎨㛰⦐ 䙴䏬 ⸨㥉㢨 ᴴ⏙䚝⏼␘ 㾨⮈⢰⪰21(
6+27 㝘䋔 䔠䀘㏘ 㜄 ㉘㥉䚌㜠 䚝㥄 䟸 ㊈䉤 ⶸ䏰㡸 ⵌ ㊈䉤 ㇵ䈐㜄㉐ 䔠䀘㏘
⫵㡸 ─⥘ 䙴䏬⪰ ⬒㻙⏼␘
Ŧ䔠䀘㏘⫵㢨 ⱨ䚐␴㢌 㠸㾌㜄㉐⓸ 㠄ᶤ⫠㜄 㸼㥄㢨 ⬒㫴 㙾㡸 ㍌⓸ 㢼㡰⳴⦐
䑀㢬⒈⪰ 䞉㢬䚌⮨㉐ 㹠㜵䚌㜠 㨰㐡㐐㝘
ଲ㩀
㩀
㇠㟝ଳ
㩀⫵㡸 ─⥘ 㤵㤼䚐 Ạ⓸⦐ 㸼㥄ᶤ⫠⪰ ⷴ䞈㐐䇩⏼␘
㩀 ⢱ ㏘㠸㾌
㢨 ⥀㪼㜄⏈ 㩀 ⢱ ㏘㠸㾌ᴴ 㢼㛨㉐ ⥀㪼ᴴ 㙸⣌⦐ ὤ㟬㛨㦀㡸 ⚀ 㩀㢨 䢌⤠⇨⫠⏈
䜸ㇵ㡸 ⵝ㫴䚨 㩁⏼␘ 㩀⫵㡸 PP 㜄⬒㻈Ḕ㩀⢱㏘㠸㾌⪰³/2&.´
㠸㾌Ἤ⫰㜄 ⋇㏩⏼␘ Ἤ⤠⇌ 㹠㜵 㤸㜄⏈ ³/2&.´ 㠸㾌㜄㉐³81/2&.´ 㠸㾌⦐
ⷴᷱ䚨 㨰㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘
262SWLFDO6WDELOL]HU 䏭㬉
26 2SWLFDO 6WDELOL]HU ⥀㪼⏈ 㾨⮈⢰㢌 䢈☘⫰㜄 㢌䚨 ⇌䇴⇌⏈ 㢨⴬㫴 䢄⫰ 䜸ㇵ㡸
䟜Ḱ㤵㡰⦐ ⸨㥉䚨 㩁⏼␘
㢨⥀㪼㢌26ὤ⏙㡸 㢨㟝䚌⮨ ㇠㟝䚌㫴 㙾㡸 ⚀⸨␘ 㚱 ㏘䊑 ⾔⪬ ㊈䉤㏘䙰☐⪰
䞉⸨䚔 ㍌ 㢼㛨 ㉔⮹䚐 㢨⴬㫴⪰ 㛯㡰㐘 ㍌ 㢼㏩⏼␘
26ஂ2SWLFDO6WDELOL]HUஃ㏘㠸㾌⪰ 0RGHἬ⫰ 㜄 ⋇㏩⏼␘ ⵌ ㊈䉤⪰ ⌸⪨Ḕ ⼤
䑀㢬⒈㢌 㢨⴬㫴ᴴ 㙼㥉㤵㢬㫴 䞉㢬㡸 䚐 䟸 㹠㜵㡸 䚝⏼␘ ⵌ ㊈䉤⪰ ⌸⪬ 䟸
㙼㥉㤵㢬 㢨⴬㫴⪰ 㜤㻐䚌⏈ ⒤㜄⏈ 㚱 㸼ᴴ ㋀㟈╝⏼␘ 0RGH ⏈ ㍌㫵㡰⦐㢌
㾨⮈⢰ 䢈☘⫰㡸 ᵄ㫴䚨 䢈☘⫰㡸 ⸨㥉䚨 㩁⏼␘ 㾨⮈⢰㜄 ␴䚨 ㍌䓽㡰⦐ 㟴㫵㢨⏈
䙰㇠㷨㜄 䟜Ḱ㤵 㢹⏼␘
Ŧ26 㢌 䢈☘⫰ ⸨㥉 ὤ⏙㡴 ㋄㡰⦐ 㣕Ḕ 㹠㜵㡸 䚔 ⚀ 䟜Ḱ㤵 㢹⏼␘ ␘㢀㢌
㦤ᶨ㜄㉐26⏈ 㤵㤼䚌᷀ 㣅┍䚌㫴 㙾㡸 ㍌ 㢼㏩⏼␘
ŀ 㟴㫵㢨⏈ 㣄┍㵜㜄㉐ 㹠㜵
ŀ 㾨⮈⢰㢌 㟴㫵㢸㢨⇌ 䢈☘⫰㢨 ㇵ␭䢼 䆨 ⚀
Ŧ␘㢀㢌 ㇵ䞝㜄㉐⏈26⪰ ㇠㟝䚌㫴 ⫼㐡㐐㝘
ŀ ⥀㪼⪰ 䏬⢰㢨䔠☐㜄 㣙㵝䚨 ㇠㟝䚔 ⚀
ŀ ⷀ⽀ 㹠㜵 㐐⊬㻐㐐ᴸ㢨 Ὤ ⚀
Ŧ26 ὤ⏙㡴 㾨⮈⢰ 㤸㠄㡰⦐ 㣅┍╝⏼␘ 㾨⮈⢰㜄26⥀㪼⪰ 㣙㵝䚨26ὤ⏙㢨
䞐㉥䞈 ╌㛨 㢼⏈ ᷱ㟤 ┍㢰䚐 㾨⮈⢰㜄 㤸䋩㤵㢬 ⥀㪼⪰ 㣙㵝䚼㡸 ⚀⸨␘ 㹠㜵
ᴴ⏙ 㐐ᴸ㢨 㨸㛨☘ ᶷ㢹⏼␘ 26 ὤ⏙㡸 ㇠㟝䚌㫴 㙾㡸 ⚀㜄⏈ ⵤ䉤⫠㢌 ㋀⯜⪰
㨸㢨ὤ 㠸䚨 26 ㏘㠸㾌⪰2)) ⦐ 䚨 㨰㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘
Ŧ㾨⮈⢰㜄 ⥀㪼⪰ 㣙㵝䚌ὤ 㤸㜄 26 ㏘㠸㾌ᴴ 2)) 㠸㾌㜄 㢼⏈㫴 䞉㢬䚨 㨰㐐ὤ
ⵈ⣁⏼␘
Ŧ⊬㻐᷸㜄 ⊬㻐 ᵆ㢨 䖐㐐╌⏈ 䚐 ㊈䉤 ⶸ䏰㡸 ⋇㡴 䟸㜄⓸26ὤ⏙㡴 ᷸㋁
㣅┍䚝⏼␘ 26 ὤ⏙㢨 㣅┍䚌⏈ ┍㙼㜄⏈ 㤼␴⦐ ⥀㪼⪰ ⺸⫠䚌ᶤ⇌ 㾨⮈⢰㢌
ⵤ䉤⫠⪰ ⺸⫠䚌㫴 ⫼㐡㐐㝘 Ἤ⤻᷀ 䚔 ᷱ㟤 ⥀㪼㜄 ㋄ㇵ㡸 㨸 ㍌ 㢼㏩⏼␘
Ŧ㹠㜵 䟸 㾨⮈⢰ ⇨㣙 䙀⣌㐐㢌 㻝㤸㢨 㐐㣅╔ ⚀ ⼤ 䑀㢬⒈ 㢨⴬㫴ᴴ 䢈☘⥘㉐
⇌䇴⇌⒈⢰⓸ 㢨⴬㫴㜄⏈ 㙸ⱨ⤤ 㜵䛙⓸ 㨰㫴 㙾㡸 ᶷ㢹⏼␘
Ŧ26 ὤ⏙㢨 㣅┍䚌⏈ ┍㙼 㾨⮈⢰ 㤸㠄㢨 ῰㫴ᶤ⇌ ⥀㪼ᴴ ⺸⫠╔ ᷱ㟤 ⥀㪼㜄㉐⏈
㋀㢀㢨 ⵐ㈑䚔 ㍌ 㢼㡰⇌ 㝘㣅┍㡴 㙸␍⏼␘
Ŧ㋀⏼ 䓐䇵㏘ ⫼㟨䏬 ⥀㪼㢌 ᷱ㟤 㾨⮈⢰ ⵈ♈㜄㉐+60 Ḱᵍ㡴㸼㢀䑀Ḕ㋁
⯜䉤⪰
㫴㠄䚨 㨰㛨㚰⬀ ⥀㪼㜄 䈅㣠═
26
ὤ⏙㡸 ㇠㟝䚔 ㍌ 㢼㏩⏼␘
 26
ὤ⏙㡸
㇠㟝䚔
⚀⏈ 㾨⮈⢰ ⵈ♈㢌 ㋄ ⛜⫰ ⵝ㫴 ὤ⏙㡸 ⅸḔ ⥀㪼㢌 26 ㏘㠸㾌⪰21 㡰⦐
㉘㥉䚝⏼␘ 㾨⮈⢰ ⵈ♈㢌 ㋄ ⛜⫰ ⵝ㫴 ὤ⏙㡸 ㇠㟝䚔 ⚀⏈ ⥀㪼㢌26㏘㠸㾌⪰
2)) ⦐ 䚐 䟸 㾨⮈⢰㢌 ㋄ ⛜⫰ ⵝ㫴 ὤ⏙㡸21㡰⦐ ㉘㥉䚝⏼␘
Ŧ1LNRQ $) 㾨⮈⢰㝴26ὤ⏙㡴 㙸⣌ 䖐㜄 㢼⏈ 㥐䖼☘Ḱ 䝬䞌㢨 ╝⏼␘ 㙸⣌ 䖐㜄
⮹㐐╌㫴 㙾㡴 㥐䖼☘㜄 㢨 ⥀㪼⪰ 㣙㵝䚨 ㇠㟝㡸 䚔 ᷱ㟤㜄⏈ 26 ㏘㠸㾌⪰ 2))
㠸㾌⦐ 䚌㜠26ὤ⏙㡸 ῰ 㨰㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘
♈㫴䉬 6/5 㾨⮈⢰ )
୔ 6LJPD 䝼䓌㢨㫴㜄㉐26ὤ⏙㡸 ㇠㟝䚔 ㍌ 㢼⏈ 㾨⮈⢰ ⯜⒬㢌 㺐㐔 㥉⸨⪰
䞉㢬䚌㐘 ㍌ 㢼㏩⏼␘
䏬⢰㢨䔠☐ ㋀䁇Ḱ ⥀㪼 Ḕ㥉⺴
㢨 ⥀㪼㜄⏈ 䏬⢰㢨䔠☐ ㋀䁇㢨 ☘㛨 㢼㏩⏼␘ ⥀㪼 Ḕ㥉⺴㢌 ⢱ 㣙㾌⪰ ⏄㏜䚌᷀ 䚔
⚀ ⥀㪼㝴 㾨⮈⢰⏈ ㍌䓽 ❄⏈ ㍌㫵㡰⦐Ἤ⫰ 㣄㡔⦡᷀ ─⫨ ㍌ 㢼㏩⏼␘
䏬⢰㢨䔠☐ ⥀㪼 Ḕ㥉⺴⪰ ⺸⫠䚌⏈ ⵝⷉ

㋄㡰⦐ 㣕Ḕ 㹠㜵㡸 䚔 ᷱ㟤 㦴⒈ 䓬⫠䚌᷀ ㇠㟝䚔 ㍌ 㢼⓸⦑ ⥀㪼㢌 䏬⢰㢨䔠☐ ㋀䁇㡸
⺸⫠䚔 ㍌ 㢼㏩⏼␘ Ἤ⤻᷀ 䚌ὤ 㠸䚨 ⭰㤴 䏬⢰㢨䔠☐ ⥀㪼 Ḕ㥉⺴㢌 ⢱ 㣙㾌⪰
⏄㏜䚌᷀ 䚐 䟸 ⥀㪼 Ḕ㥉⺴㜄 䖐㐐═ Ť5(029( 㠸㾌Ἤ⫰ 㜄 㥉⥠ 㐐䇩⏼␘

Ἤ⫠Ḕ ⇐ 䟸
Ἤ⫰

Ḱ ᵍ㢨 䏬⢰㢨䔠☐ ⥀㪼 Ḕ㥉⺴⪰ ◘㯱㡰⦐ ❅ⵈ⦐ 㣕㙸 ␭ή⏼␘
Ŧ⥀㪼㜄 䏬⢰㢨䔠☐ ⥀㪼 Ḕ㥉⺴⪰ ␘㐐 㣙㵝䚌Ḕ 㐪㡸 ⚀⏈ ⺸⫠䚔 ⚀㢌 㜡㍐㡰⦐
䚌㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘
Ŧ
䏬⢰㢨䔠☐ ⥀㪼 Ḕ㥉⺴⪰ ⺸⫠䚔 ⚀ ❄⏈ 㣙㵝䚔 ⚀⪰ 㥐㞬䚌Ḕ⏈ ⥀㪼 Ḕ㥉⺴㢌 㠸㾌⪰
Ť
5(029(
㜄 ⋇㫴 ⫼㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘
⥀㪼ᴴ 㢌⓸䚌㫴 㙾᷀ ⛜㛨㫼 ㍌ 㢼㏩⏼␘
❄䚐
⢱ 㣙㾌⪰ Ḕ㥉㐐䇠 ⚀⏈ ⥀㪼ᴴ ─㙸ᴴ㫴 㙾⓸⦑ ␜␜䢼 㦤㜠 㨰㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘
Ŧ
㾨⮈⢰㜄 ⥀㪼⪰ 㣙㵝䚔 ⚀
䏬⢰㢨䔠☐ ⥀㪼 Ḕ㥉⺴⏈ ⥀㪼㜄㉐ ⺸⫠䚔 ㍌ 㛺㏩⏼␘
㌸⒈ ㏘䏬⣝
Ἤ⫰ Ḱ ᵍ㢨 ㌸⒈ ㏘䏬⣝㡸 㣙㵝䚨 㨰㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘
㺐㋀ 㸼㥄ᶤ⫠
㢨 ⥀㪼㢌 㺐㋀ 㸼㥄ᶤ⫠⏈ ᴵᴵ㢌 㩀 㠸㾌㜄 ♤⢰ ␠⢰㬅⏼␘
Ἤ⫰± Ĭᴵ 㸼㥄ᶤ⫠㜄㉐㢌 㺐㋀ 㸼㥄ᶤ⫠⪰ ⸨㜠㩁⏼␘
Ἤ⫰± ĭᴵ 㸼㥄ᶤ⫠㜄㉐㢌 㺐␴ 䞉␴ⵤ㡜㡸 ⸨㜠㩁⏼␘
䙀⣌㐐 㹠㜵
㾨⮈⢰㜄 Ḕ㥉═ 䙀⣌㐐⪰ ㇠㟝䚌㐐⮨ Ἤ⫰㣄ᴴ ⵐ㈑䚝⏼␘ Ḕ㥉䝉 䙀⣌㐐⪰ ㇠㟝䚌㫴
⫼㐐Ḕ 㞬㣙䝉 䙀⣌㐐⬀ ㇠㟝䚌㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘
䊈⤼ 䀜ⶸ䉤㜄 ␴䚌㜠
㢨⥀㪼⏈6LJPD㢌[(;❄⏈[(;$SR7HOH&RQYHUWHUVⷸ⬘ 㝴䝬䞌㢨
╌⮤ PP ) ⬑㠄 㩀 ⥀㪼 ❄⏈ PP ) ⬑㠄 㩀 ⥀㪼⦐
㇠㟝䚔 ㍌ 㢼㏩⏼␘⬘⎨㛰 䔠䀘㏘㜄㉐⬀ ㇠㟝䚔 ㍌ 㢼㏩⏼␘ஃ
Ŧ㠸㜄 㛬Ἵ═ 䊈⤼ 䀜ⶸ䉤 㢨㞬㢌 ᶷ㡴 ㇠㟝䚌㫴 ⫼㐡㐐㝘
Ŧ䓐䇵㏘ ⫼㟨䏬 䊈⤼ 䀜ⶸ䉤⏈ 䏭㥉 ⥀㪼㝴⏈ 䝬䞌╌㫴 㙾㏩⏼␘
Ŧ'6/5 㾨⮈⢰㝴 䚜󰜍 ㇠㟝䚔 ᷱ㟤 㤴䢠⏈'*ⶸ㤸㢌 $SR 7HOH &RQYHUWHU ⪰䚜󰜍
㇠㟝䚌㐐Ὤ Ề㣙䚝⏼␘
Ŧ㾨⮈⢰㜄 µFRQWUDVW GHWHFW¶ $) ⯜☐ᴴ 㢼㡰⮨ ⢰㢨⽀ ⼤⪰ 䋩䚨 㝘䋔 䔠䀘㏘⪰
㇠㟝䚌㐘 ㍌ 㢼㏩⏼␘
⥀㪼 䟸☐
⥀㪼 䟸☐⏈ 䞈㫼㜄 㜵䛙㡸 ⴬㾌⏈ 㡔䚨ṅ㉔㢌 㵜␜䟜Ḱᴴ 㢼㏩⏼␘ 㣙㵝ⵝⷉ㡴 ⥀㪼
㉔␜㜄 ⥀㪼䟸☐⪰ 㐐᷸ⵝ䛙㡰⦐ ─⥘ Ḕ㥉╔ ⚀ ᾀ㫴 䞉㐘䚌᷀ 㣙㵝䚝⏼␘Ἤ⫰ 
Ŧ䡨␴ 㐐 ⥀㪼 䟸☐⪰ 㜡ⵝ䛙㡰⦐ 㣙㵝䚌㜠 㐐᷸ⵝ䛙㡰⦐ ─⥘ Ḕ㥉䚌㜠 㨰㐡㐐㝘
Ἤ⫰ 
䙸䉤 ㇠㟝
Ŧ䙸䉤⏈ 㠄㾍㤵㡰⦐ ᵐ⬀ ㇠㟝䚌㜠 㨰㐡㐐㝘䞈⮨㨰ⷴ ṅ⣽㤴䚌 ⵝ㫴⪰ 㠸䚌㜠
Ŧ$) 㾨⮈⢰ ⵃ 㽕ṅ㡸 㠸䚌㜠 䚌䘸⴬⤠⪰ ㇠㟝䚌⏈ 㾨⮈⢰㜄㉐ 䓬ṅ䙸䉤⪰ ㇠㟝䚔
ᷱ㟤 㠄䓬ṅ䙸䉤&3/⪰ ㇠㟝䚌㜠 㨰㐡㐐㝘
67(3'2:15,1*PP˧PP
㢨 ⥀㪼㜄⏈ 6WHS 'RZQ 5LQJ 㢨 䔠䚜╌㛨 㢼㏩⏼␘ 6WHS 'RZQ 5LQJ 㡸⺴㵝䚌⮨
⥀㪼㜄PP䙸䉤⪰ 㣙㵝䚔 ㍌ 㢼㏩⏼␘6WHS'RZQ5LQJ 㡴 ⥀㪼 ⵈ♈㢌 ↑ ⺴⺸㜄
⺴㵝䚌㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘
Ŧ6WHS 'RZQ 5LQJ 㡴 $36& ㇠㢨㪼 㢨⴬㫴 ㉰㉐ᴴ 䈅㣠═ ♈㫴䉬 㾨⮈⢰㝴
㇠㟝䚌㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘ $36& ㇠㢨㪼⸨␘ 䆤 㢨⴬㫴 ㉰㉐ᴴ 䈅㣠═ ♈㫴䉬 㾨⮈⢰㝴
㇠㟝㡸 䚔 ᷱ㟤 ⽸≘䐹㢨 ⵐ㈑䚌᷀ ╝⏼␘
Ŧ6WHS 'RZQ 5LQJ 㜄⏈ 3RODUL]LQJ ILOWHU ⪰ ⺴㵝䚌㫴 ⫼㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘ 3RODUL]LQJ
ILOWHU ⪰ 㣙㵝䚔 ᷱ㟤 ⥀㪼㜄㉐ ␘㐐 ⺸⫠㐐䇠 ㍌ 㛺᷀ ╔ ㍌ 㢼㏩⏼␘
Ŧ6WHS 'RZQ 5LQJ 㢨 ⥀㪼㜄㉐ ⺸⫠╌㫴 㙾㡸 ᷱ㟤 ㋄ⵈ␙㡸 ⫵㜄 㝠⥘⋇㡴 䟸 ⵌ
㐐᷸ⵝ䛙㡰⦐ ─⫠㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘
Ŧ6WHS 'RZQ 5LQJ 㢨 ⥀㪼㜄 ⺴㵝╌㛨 㢼㡸 ⚀⏈ ⥀㪼 㿕㡸 ⺴㵝䚔 ㍌ 㛺㏩⏼␘
PP ⥀㪼 㿕㡸 Ạ㢹䚌㊈㉐ ㇠㟝䚌㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘
Ḵ⫠ 㼜Ἵㇵ㢌 㨰㢌
Ŧ㏩ὤ⏈ Ḥ䑕㢨 ⵃ ㇤䞈㢌 㠄㢬㢨 ╝⏼␘ 㣙ὤᴸ ㇠㟝䚌㫴 㙾㡸 ᷱ㟤 ᶨ㦤㥐㝴 䚜󰜍
ⴴ⸽ᴴ⏙䚐 㟝ὤ㜄 ≗㛨 ⸨Ḵ䚌㜠 㨰㐡㐐㝘 ⇌䘸䇼⥀ ☥ ⵝ㻝㥐ᴴ 㢼⏈ ḧ㜄㉐ 䚜󰜍
⸨Ḵ䚌㫴 ⬄㙸 㨰㐡㐐㝘
Ŧ
⥀㪼 ⮨㡸 㫵㥅 ㋄㡰⦐ ⬀㫴㫴 ⬄㙸 㨰㐡㐐㝘
⭰㫴 ⵃ 㝘㜰㐐㜄⏈ 㜄㛨⽈⦐㛨 ⵃ
⥀㪼⽈⤠㐐⦐ 㷡㋀䚌㜠 㨰㐡㐐㝘
㫴ⱬ ☥㡴 㐐䑄䚌Ḕ 㢼⏈ ⥀㪼䆨⫠∼ 㚕Ḱ ⥀㪼䆨⫠␑
䓌㢨䒰⦐ ᴴ⸁᷀ ␚㙸 㨰㐡㐐㝘
␘⪬ 㡔ὤ㟝㥐⦐⏈ 㤼␴ ⥀㪼㷡㋀⪰ Ἴ䚝⏼␘
Ŧ㢨 ⥀㪼⏈ ⵝ㍌Ạ㦤ᴴ 㙸⏼⳴⦐ 㟤㷐 ⵃ Ɒᴴ 㨰㠸㜄㉐ ㇠㟝 㐐 Ɒὤ㜄 㥊㫴 㙾⓸⦑
㨰㢌 ⵈ⣁⏼␘
Ŧ
Ἵᷝ䚐 㝜⓸ ⷴ䞈㜄 㢌䚨 ⥀㪼 ⇨⺴㜄 Ɒⵝ㟬㢨 ⵐ㈑䚌⳴⦐ 㵜ᴴ㟨 㞬⺴㜄㉐ ♤⡯䚐
㐘⇨⦐ 㢨┍ 㐐㜄⏈ 䀴㢨㏘ ⵃ ⽸␄⸽䍠㜄 ≗㛨 㨰㠸㝜⓸㜄 ⬒㻈㛨 ㇠㟝䚌㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘
㇠㟝G ㉘⮹㉐
Ȼɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɢɦ ɜɚɫ ɡɚ ɜɵɛɨɪ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɮɢɪɦɵ 6LJPD ɑɬɨɛɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɭɦ ɨɬ
ɜɚɲɟɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ6LJPDɩɨɠɚɥɭɣɫɬɚ ɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɣɬɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɧɚɱɚɥɨɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
ɈɉɂɋȺɇɂȿ ɑȺɋɌȿɃ ɈȻɔȿɄɌɂȼȺɊɂɋ
Ɋɟɡɶɛɚ ɩɨɞ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ
Ɏɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɶɰɨ
ɒɤɚɥɚ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɣ

Ʌɢɧɢɹ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ
ɢ ɮɨɤɭɫɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ

Ʉɨɥɶɰɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ
ɮɨɤɭɫɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ
ɡɭɦɚ
ɉɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ
ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ
Ȼɚɣɨɧɟɬ
ɉɥɨɳɚɞɤɚ ɩɨɞ ɲɬɚɬɢɜ
ɉɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ
ɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɡɭɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɉɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ
ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ26
Ȼɥɟɧɞɚ
 ɉɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɶɰɨ
ȾɅə ɄȺɆȿɊ ɌɂɉȺ1,.21$)
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɵ ɮɢɪɦɵ 1LNRQ ɫɟɪɢɢ * ɛɟɡ ɤɨɥɶɰɚ
ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɢɚɮɪɚɝɦɨɣ ȼ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ
ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɭɬɶ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɨɦ
ȾɅə ɄȺɆȿɊ ɌɂɉȺ3(17$;$)
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɵ ɮɢɪɦɵ3HQWD[ɫɟɪɢɢ)$-ɛɟɡ ɤɨɥɶɰɚ
ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɢɚɮɪɚɝɦɨɣ ȼ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ
ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɭɬɶ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɨɦ
ɄɊȿɉɅȿɇɂȿ Ʉ ɄȺɆȿɊȿ
Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ6LJPD ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɧɚ ɤɚɦɟɪɟ ɨɧ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ
ɤɚɤ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɣ ɪɨɞɧɨɣɲɬɚɬɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ
ɇɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɛɚɣɨɧɟɬɚ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɵ ɉɪɨɫɢɦ
ɜɚɫ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɢɯ ɜ ɱɢɫɬɨɬɟ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɜɟɪɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ
ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ȼɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɢ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɨɜ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɣɬɟɱɬɨɜɵ
ɫɬɚɜɢɬɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɟɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɢɦ ɤɨɧɰɨɦ ɜɧɢɡ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɫɦɟɧɵ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ
ɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄȺ ɊȿɀɂɆȺ ɈɌɊȺȻɈɌɄɂ ɗɄɋɉɈɁɂɐɂɂ
Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ6LJPDɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɧɚ ɤɚɦɟɪɟ ɨɧ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɤɚɤ
ɨɛɵɱɧɵɣ ɪɨɞɧɨɣɲɬɚɬɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɋɦ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɤ ɤɚɦɟɪɟ
ɎɈɄɍɋɂɊɈȼɄȺ ɂ ɂɁɆȿɇȿɇɂȿ ɎɈɄɍɋɇɈȽɈ ɊȺɋɋɌɈəɇɂəɁɍɆɂɊɈȼȺɇɂȿ
ȼ ɷɬɨɬ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧ Ƚɢɩɟɪ Ɂɜɭɤɨɜɨɣ Ɇɨɬɨɪ+\SHU6RQLF0RWRU+60ɗɬɨɬ ɦɨɬɨɪ
ɞɚɺɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɛɵɫɬɪɨɣ ɢ ɛɟɫɲɭɦɧɨɣ ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ
䇶
6,*0$$)ɢ&$121$)
䇷
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ
ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ $)ɪɢɫ Ⱦɥɹ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɪɭɱɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ±
ɩɟɪɟɞɜɢɧɶɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ Ɇ Ɍɟɩɟɪɶ ɜɵ
ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɪɚɳɚɹ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɶɰɨ
䇶
1,.21$)3(17$;$)ɢ621<$)
䇷
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ
ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ $) ɪɢɫ Ⱦɥɹ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɪɭɱɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ±
ɩɟɪɟɞɜɢɧɶɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ Ɇ Ɍɟɩɟɪɶ ɜɵ
ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɪɚɳɚɹ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɶɰɨ
Ɂɚ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶ ɤ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɤ ɜɚɲɟɣ ɤɚɦɟɪɟ
Ɉɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɵ ɫ ɛɚɣɨɧɟɬɨɦ 1LNRQ 3HQWD[ ɢ 6RQ\ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ
ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫ ɤɚɦɟɪɚɦɢ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɳɢɦɢ ɭɥɶɬɪɚɡɜɭɤɨɜɵɟ ɦɨɬɨɪɵ
ɩɪɢɜɨɞɚ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɜɨɞ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɞɥɹ+60ȿɫɥɢ ɤɚɦɟɪɚ ɧɟ
ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɬ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɜɨɞ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɧɚɜɨɞɤɚ ɧɚ
ɪɟɡɤɨɫɬɶ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɚ
ɗɬɨɬ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ©$)ªȾɥɹɷɬɨɝɨ
ɤɚɦɟɪɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɨɞɧɨɤɚɞɪɨɜɨɣ ɫɴɺɦɤɢ ɑɬɨɛɵ ɫɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ
ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ ɧɚɞɨ ɞɨɠɞɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɨɤɚ ɡɚɤɨɧɱɢɬɶɫɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ
ɩɨɥɭ ɩɪɢɠɚɬɢɹ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ ɫɩɭɫɤɚ ɡɚɬɜɨɪɚ
ȼɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɥɨɦɨɤ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɧɟ ɜɪɚɳɚɣɬɟ
ɤɨɥɶɰɨ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ
ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɮɨɤɭɫɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɹɡɭɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ȼɪɚɳɚɣɬɟ ɤɨɥɶɰɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɮɨɤɭɫɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɞɨ ɬɟɯ ɩɨɪ ɩɨɤɚ ɧɟ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɧɢɬɟ
ɧɭɠɧɵɯ ɝɪɚɧɢɰ ɤɚɞɪɚ
ɉȿɊȿɄɅɘɑȺɌȿɅɖ ȻɅɈɄɂɊɈȼɄɂ ɁɍɆɂɊɈȼȺɇɂə
ɉɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɡɭɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɚɟɬ ɧɟɠɟɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɵɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟ
ɩɟɪɟɞɧɢɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɡɭɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɩɪɢ ɟɝɨ ɧɚɤɥɨɧɟ ɜɧɢɡ ɉɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ
ɤɨɥɶɰɨ ɡɭɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɦɦ ɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɢ
ɡɭɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ /2&. Ɂɚɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɚɧɨ ɢɥɥ  ɉɪɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ
ɜɨɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɡɭɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɡɭɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ81/2&.Ɋɚɡɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɚɧɨ
ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ Ɉɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɋɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɚ26
Ɉɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɫɧɚɛɠɺɧ Ɉɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɋɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɨɦ 26 ɞɥɹ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ
ɫɦɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ
Ȼɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɭ ɜɵ ɫɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɞɨɛɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɪɟɡɤɨɝɨ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ
ɩɪɢ ɫɴɺɦɤɟ ɫ ɜɵɞɟɪɠɤɚɦɢ ɧɚ  ɫɬɭɩɟɧɢ ɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɟɟ ɱɟɦ ɟɫɥɢ ɛɵ ɜɵ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɢ
ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɛɟɡ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ
ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ26ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ0RGHɢɥɥ
ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɫɩɭɫɤɚ ɡɚɬɜɨɪɚ ɧɚɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɭ ɢ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ
ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɫɩɭɫɤɚ ɡɚɬɜɨɪɚ Ɉɤɨɧɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ
ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ  ɫɟɤɭɧɞɭ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɹ
ɤɧɨɩɤɢ ɫɩɭɫɤɚ ɡɚɬɜɨɪɚ ɧɚɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɭȼ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ0RGHɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ
ɢ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɗɬɨɬ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɟɧ ɞɥɹ
ɫɴɺɦɤɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɞɜɢɝɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ
ŦɄɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɢɹ ɫɞɜɢɝɨɜ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɚ ɩɪɢ ɫɴɺɦɤɟ
ɫ ɪɭɤ ȼ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɹɯ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɯ ɧɢɠɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ
ɧɟɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ
ƒ ɋɴɺɦɤɚ ɫ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɹ
ƒ ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɢɥɢ ɫɞɜɢɝɨɜ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ
Ŧɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɜ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ
ƒ ȿɫɥɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɺɧ ɧɚ ɲɬɚɬɢɜɟ ƒ ɉɪɢ ɞɥɢɧɧɵɯ ɜɵɞɟɪɤɚɯ
ŦɈɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪ ɩɢɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɧɚ
ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɫ ɜɤɥɸɱɺɧɧɵɦ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɜɪɟɦɹ
ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɟɫɥɢ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɜɚɬɶ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɬɨɣ ɠɟ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɫ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɦ
ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɨɦ ȿɫɥɢ ɧɟɬ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪ
ɩɟɪɟɦɟɫɬɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ2))ȼɵɤɥɸɱɟɧ
ɱɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɬɶ ɢɡɥɢɲɧɟɝɨ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɚ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɛɚɬɚɪɟɣ
Ŧɉɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɢɥɢ ɫɧɹɬɢɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɫ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɱɬɨ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ
ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ2))
Ŧȿɫɥɢ ɜɵ ɩɪɟɤɪɚɬɢɥɢ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɫɩɭɫɤɚ ɡɚɬɜɨɪɚ ɜ ɩɨɥɭɧɚɠɚɬɨɦ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ
ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɟɬ ɫɜɨɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɞɨ ɬɟɯ ɩɨɪ ɩɨɤɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɣ
ɮɨɬɨɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢ ɷɤɫɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ ȼɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɢ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɧɟ ɢɡɜɥɟɤɚɣɬɟ ɛɚɬɚɪɟɣ ɢɡ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɢ ɧɟ ɫɧɢɦɚɣɬɟ ɫ ɧɟɺ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɟɫɥɢ
ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ
Ŧ
ɇɟ ɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɬɨ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɮɨɬɨɝɪɚɮɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫ ɜɤɥɸɱɺɧɧɵɦ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ
ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɟ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɫɪɚɡɭ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɫɴɺɦɤɢ
ɤɚɞɪɚ ɢɥɢ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɡɚɪɹɞɤɢ ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɤɚɦɟɪɭ ɜɫɩɵɲɤɢ ɷɬɨ ɧɟ ɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ
ɩɨɥɭɱɟɦɵɯ ɮɨɬɨɝɪɚɮɢɹɯ
Ŧȿɫɥɢ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɨ ɢɥɢ ɨɛɟɤɬɢɜ ɛɵɥ ɫɧɹɬ ɫ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ
ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢɡɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɞɪɟɛɟɡɠɚɳɢɣ ɡɜɭɤ
ɗɬɨɬ ɡɜɭɤ ɧɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɨɦ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɢ
ŦȾɥɹ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɨɜ ɫ ɛɚɣɨɧɟɬɨɦ 6RQ\ ɢ 3HQWD[ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ
ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ26ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɹ ɜ ɤɚɦɟɪɟ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚɦɢ ɫɨ
ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɵɦ ɭɥɶɬɪɚɡɜɭɤɨɜɵɦ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɨɦ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ
ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ 26 ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɮɨɬɨɤɚɦɟɪɟ ɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ
ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ 26 ɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɟ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ 21 ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ
ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɮɨɬɨɤɚɦɟɪɭ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ
26
ɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɟ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ
2))
ɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɮɨɬɨɤɚɦɟɪɟ
ŦɎɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ ɫ ɮɨɬɨɤɚɦɟɪɚɦɢ 1LNRQ $)
ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɬɚɥɢɰɟ ɧɢɠɟ ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɫ ɤɚɦɟɪɚɦɢ1LNRQ
ɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ
ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ2))
ɐɢɮɪɨɜɵɟ ɡɟɪɤɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɮɨɬɨɤɚɦɟɪɵ'6/5ɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ)
è
ɇɚ ɧɚɲɟɦ ɢɧɬɟɪɧɟɬɫɚɣɬɟ ɜɵ ɫɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɧɚɣɬɢ ɫɚɦɭɸ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɭɸ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɨ
ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɮɨɬɨ ɤɚɦɟɪ ɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɨɜ ɫ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɟɣ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ
ɒɌȺɌɂȼɇȺə ɉɅɈɓȺȾɄȺ ɂ ɄɊȿɉɅȿɇɂȿ
Ɉɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɫɧɚɛɠɺɧ ɲɬɚɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɉɪɢ ɨɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɟɧɢɢ ɛɥɨɤɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɜɢɧɬɚ
ɧɚ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɫ ɤɚɦɟɪɨɣ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɜɺɪɧɭɬ ɞɥɹ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢ
ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɤɚɞɪɚɢɥɥ
ɋɇəɌɂȿ ɒɌȺɌɂȼɇɈȽɈ ɄɊȿɉɅȿɇɂə
ɉɪɢ ɠɟɥɚɧɢɢ ɲɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɧɹɬɨ ɫ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɞɥɹ ɛɨɥɟɟ
ɭɞɨɛɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɨɫɜɨɛɨɞɢɬɟ ɛɥɨɤɢɪɭɸɳɢɣ ɜɢɧɬ ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɬɟ
ɨɬɦɟɬɤɭ ɧɚ ɲɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɢ ɫ ɦɟɬɤɨɣ ź5(029( ɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɟɢɥɥ
Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɩɨɬɹɧɢɬɟ ɲɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɦ ɧɚ ɢɥɥ  ɢ
ɫɧɢɦɢɬɟ ɟɝɨ
Ŧ
Ⱦɥɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɲɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɟ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɟ
ɜɵɲɟ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ
Ŧɍɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɲɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɟɝɨ ɫɧɹɬɢɹ ɢɥɢ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ȼ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ
ɫɨɫɤɨɱɢɬɶ ɫ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɢ ɜɵɡɜɚɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɩɚɞɟɧɢɟ Ɂɚɤɪɟɩɥɹɣɬɟ ɛɥɨɤɢɪɭɸɳɢɣ ɜɢɧɬɜɨ
ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ
Ŧ
ȿɫɥɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɧɚ ɤɚɦɟɪɭ ɲɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɧɹɬɨ
ɇȺɉɅȿɑɇɕɃ ɊȿɆȿɇɖ
Ɂɚɤɪɟɩɢɬɟ ɧɚɩɥɟɱɧɵɣ ɪɟɦɟɧɶ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɧɚ ɢɥɥɸɫɬɪɚɰɢɢ
ɆɂɇɂɆȺɅɖɇȺə ȾɂɋɌȺɇɐɂə ɎɈɄɍɋɂɊɈȼɄɂ
Ɇɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ
ɮɨɤɭɫɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ
ɪɢɫ
±
Ĭ Ɇɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɮɨɤɭɫɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ
ɪɢɫ
±
ĭ Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɮɨɤɭɫɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ
ɎɈɌɈȽɊȺɎɂɊɈȼȺɇɂȿ ɋɈ ȼɋɉɕɒɄɈɃ
ȼɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɚɹ ɜɫɩɵɲɤɚ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɨɦ Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɦ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɟɠɟɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɬɟɧɶ ɜ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɫɧɢɦɤɚ Ⱦɥɹ
ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɥɭɱɲɢɯ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɩɨɠɚɥɭɣɫɬɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɜɧɟɲɧɸɸ ɜɫɩɵɲɤɭ
ɎɈɌɈȽɊȺɎɂɊɈȼȺɇɂȿ ɋ ɄɈɇȼȿɊɌȿɊȺɆɂ
ɗɬɨɬ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɬɟɥɟɤɨɧɜɟɪɬɟɪɚɦɢ6LJPD $32 7HOH &RQYHUWHU
[ (; ɢɥɢ [ (; ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɤɨɦɛɢɧɚɰɢɢ
ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɨɜɦɦ)ɢɦɦ)ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɩɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ
ɬɟɥɟɤɨɧɜɟɪɬɟɪɚ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɪɭɱɧɚɹ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɚ
Ŧɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɬɟɥɟɤɨɧɜɟɪɬɟɪɵ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɢɯ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ
ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫ ɨɪɢɝɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɬɟɥɟɤɨɧɜɟɪɬɟɪɚɦɢ6LJPD
ŦɌɟɥɟɤɨɧɜɟɪɬɟɪ ɫ ɛɚɣɨɧɟɬɨɦ3HQWD[ɧɟ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦ ɫ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɥɢɧɡɨɣ
Ŧ
Ɇɵ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ'*$327HOH&RQYHUWHUɫ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɦɢ ɡɟɪɤɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɤɚɦɟɪɚɦɢ
Ŧȼ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɠɢɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɦɨɬɪɚ/LYH9LHZɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ
ɟɫɥɢ ɤɚɦɟɪɚ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɩɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɭ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɫɬɧɨɣ ɞɟɬɟɤɰɢɢ
ȻɅȿɇȾȺ
Ȼɥɟɧɞɚ ɛɚɣɨɧɟɬɧɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɨɦ Ȼɥɟɧɞɚ ɩɨɦɨɝɚɟɬ
ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɬɢɬɶ ɡɚɫɜɟɬɤɭ ɢɥɢ ɛɥɢɤɢ ɧɚ ɫɧɢɦɤɟ ɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɹɪɤɢɦ ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟɦ ɡɚ
ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɦɢ ɩɨɥɹ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɉɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɛɥɟɧɞɵ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɱɬɨ ɨɧɚ ɞɨ
ɤɨɧɰɚ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɟɢɥɥ
Ŧɞɥɹ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɛɥɟɧɞɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɟɪɟɜɟɪɧɭɬɶɢɥɥ
ɎɂɅɖɌɊɕ
Ŧɉɪɢ ɫɴɺɦɤɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɞɢɧ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɜɭɯ ɢɥɢ
ɛɨɥɟɟ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɭ ɜɢɧɶɟɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ
Ŧɉɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫ ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɧɨɣ ɤɚɦɟɪɨɣ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɩɨɥɹɪɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ
ɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɪɧɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ
ɉȿɊȿɏɈȾɇɈȿ ɄɈɅɖɐɈɆɆĺɆɆ
ȼ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɜɯɨɞɢɬ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɶɰɨ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɫ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɵ ɫɜɟɬɨɮɢɥɶɬɪɵ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɧɚɫɚɞɤɢ ɫ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ ɪɟɡɶɛɵɦɦ
ɉɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɶɰɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɸɸ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɤɨɪɩɭɫɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ
Ⱦɚɧɧɨɟ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɶɰɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɦɢ
ɤɚɦɟɪɚɦɢ ɫ ɫɟɧɫɨɪɚɦɢ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɚ$36&ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɶɰɚ ɫ
ɤɚɦɟɪɚɦɢ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɦɢ ɫɟɧɫɨɪɵ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɝɨ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɚ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɫɬɪɚɞɚɬɶɨɬ
ɜɢɧɶɟɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɇɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɫ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɦ ɤɨɥɶɰɨɦ ɩɨɥɹɪɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ
ɫɜɟɬɨɮɢɥɶɬɪɵ ȿɫɥɢ ɜɵ ɜɫɟ ɠɟ ɩɪɢɤɪɟɩɢɬɟ ɩɨɥɹɪɢɡɚɬɨɪ ɤ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɦɭ ɤɨɥɶɰɭ
ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɵ ɩɨɬɨɦ ɧɟ ɫɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɶ
ȿɫɥɢ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɶɰɨ ɧɟ ɫɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɶ ɧɚ ɤɨɥɶɰɨ
ɥɚɞɨɧɶ ɢ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɹ ɟɝɨ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɭɬɶ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ
Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɶɰɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɯɨɞɹɳɟɣɜ
ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬ ɤɪɵɲɤɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ Ⱦɥɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɦ
ɤɨɥɶɰɨɦ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɫɬɢ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɭɸ ɤɪɵɲɤɭ ɫ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ ɪɟɡɶɛɵɦɦ
ɍɏɈȾ ɂ ɏɊȺɇȿɇɂȿ
Ŧɇɟ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɚɣɬɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɪɟɡɤɢɦ ɜɫɬɪɹɫɤɚɦ ɪɟɡɤɨɦɭ ɩɟɪɟɩɚɞɭ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ ɢ
ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɢ
Ŧ
Ⱦɥɹ ɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɯɥɚɞɧɨɟ ɫɭɯɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ
ɫ ɯɨɪɨɲɟɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɟɣ ȼɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɫɜɟɬɥɟɧɢɹ ɥɢɧɡ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ
ɯɪɚɧɢɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɜɞɚɥɢ ɨɬ ɧɚɮɬɚɥɢɧɚ ɢ ɞɪ ɚɧɬɢɦɨɥɟɣ
Ŧɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɥɶ ɛɟɧɡɢɧ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɱɢɫɬɹɳɢɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ
ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶ ɥɢɧɡɨɜɵɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɦɹɝɤɭɸ ɜɥɚɠɧɭɸ ɬɤɚɧɶ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɬɢɤɢ
ŦɈɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɧɟ ɜɨɞɨɧɟɩɪɨɧɢɰɚɟɦ ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɜɛɥɢɡɢ ɜɨɞɵ ɢɥɢɜɨ
ɜɪɟɦɹ ɞɨɠɞɹ ɡɚɳɢɬɢɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɨɬ ɧɚɦɨɤɚɧɢɹ Ɉɛɵɱɧɨ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɩɪɨɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɟɦ
ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɥɢɧɡ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɢ ɨɤɢɫɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɭ ɧɟ ɩɨɞɥɟɠɚɬ
ŦɊɟɡɤɢɟ ɩɟɪɟɩɚɞɵ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɵɡɜɚɬɶ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɭɦɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɟɥɟɧɵ ɧɚ
ɩɟɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɥɢɧɡɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɜɯɨɞɹ ɜ ɬɺɩɥɨɟ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɫ ɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɣ ɭɥɢɰɵ
ɫɪɚɡɭ ɧɟ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɚɣɬɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɢɡ ɱɟɯɥɚ ɩɨɤɚ ɨɧ ɧɟ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɧɟɬ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ
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LPDJHPFDXVDGDSHODYLEUDomRLQYROXQWiULDGRFRQMXQWRPiTXLQDREMHFWLYD
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