Bedienungsanleitung Tanita DC-430MA III (Seite 32 von 40) (Englisch)

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Technical Notes

Body composition measurement by the BIA method.

Introduction

This equipment provides estimated values for each measured value of body fat percentage, fat mass, fatfree

mass, muscle mass and bone mass by the DXA method, estimated value for the total body water measured

value by the dilution method and estimated value for the visceral fat rating by MRI method using the

Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA method).

For measurement, a mode must be selected based on body type.

1) Standard (for 5 to 99 years of age)

2) Athletic (for Athletic persons who exercise considerably more than non-athlete)

Making a distinction by body type in the measurement mode produces more reliable body composition

measurements for athletic persons, whose body compositions differ from those of average persons.

- Principles of body composition measurement

BIA is a means of measuring body composition – fat mass, predicted muscle mass, etc. – by measuring

bioelectrical impedance in the body. Fat within the body allows almost no electricity to pass through, while

electricity passes rather easily through water, much of which is found in muscles. The degree of difculty

with which electricity passes through a substance is known as the electrical resistance, and the percentage of

fat and other body constituents can be inferred from measurements of this resistance.

The Tanita Body Composition Analyzer measures body composition using a constant current source with

a high frequency current (6.25kHz, 50kHz, 90μA). The 4 electrodes are positioned so that electric current

is supplied from the electrodes on the tips of the toes of both feet, and voltage is measured on the heel of

both feet.

- What is the DXA method?

DXA was originally designed to measure bone mineral content, but in

the full-body scan mode the body fat percentage, fat mass, and fat free

mass of individual body parts (arms, legs, trunk) can also be measured.

The image below shows one example of body composition measurement

results obtained by DXA.

- What is dilution method?

In the dilution method, a labeled substance for a known amount is given and the concentration in

equilibrium diffusing evenly is measured to obtain the total amount of the solvent that dilutes the labeled

substance.

To measure the total body water (TBW), deuterium oxide (D2O) is generally used as the labeled substance.

Deuterium oxide uses the overall total body water as dilution space so the total body water can be obtained.

To obtain the extracellular uid amount, sodium bromide (NaBr) is used as a labeled substance.

Bromine (Br) is said to not enter the inside of cells, and uses extracellular uid as the dilution space.

Body composition measurement results

obtained by DXA

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