Bedienungsanleitung Yamaha AN1X (Seite 10 von 122) (Englisch)

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AN1x Tone Generator

As the AN1x Tone Generator Block Diagram

illustrates, the VCO module generates the basic

signal, then passes it along the signal path to

the MIX/VCF module, which processes the signal

in a variety of ways before passing it on to the

VCA module, which amplifies the signal before

passing it along the signal path to the EFFECT

module comprised of three multi-effects units

and a stereo equalizer, after which the signal is

output from the AN1x's stereo outputs. Along

the way, various real-time and other controllers

can be applied to each module in a variety of

ways.

Oscillators, Filters And Amplifiers

What does it take to make a sound? And how does the

AN1x generate sounds?

In the simplest of terms, there are three basic elements which

make up a sound: pitch, or how low or high it is; tone, or

what its overall quality, or timbre is like; and amplitude, or

how loud the volume level is.

Synthesizers rely on three key electronic components to generate

sounds and electronically imitate the soundwaves of familiar musical

instruments, as well as create entirely unique sounds. In traditional

analog synthesis, the source sound pitch is generated by an

oscillator; its tone is created by a filter; and its volume is determined

by an amplifier. With the AN1x, these three elements are termed

the VCO (voltage controlled oscillator), the VCF (voltage controlled

filter), and the VCA (voltage controlled amplifier).

The “signal path” starts at the VCO, flows to the VCF, then

flows to the VCA. The signal is “processed” at each block, or

“module” along the way to the final output.

VCO VCF VCA OUT

The amplifier determines

the volume

The oscillator creates the source pitch

The filter determines the timbre

1 VCO

The VCO module is where the original sound waveform gets

generated. Although a single oscillator is enough to generate

the basic sawtooth, pulse (square) or other waves required

for different types of musical instrument sounds, the AN1x’s

VCO module is much more complex.

First, there’s a VCO1 which includes an additional saw2 and

mix wave, and which can be configured with one of three

“sync algorithms” that syncs “master” and “slave” oscillators

within the VCO1, and can be modulated by FM according to

the algorithm. Thus, when the sync is on, the VCO1 is

actually two oscillators in one, and three additional “inner”

waves are available.

The VCO1 is always fixed as the FM carrier, but the carrier

can either be the master or slave oscillator depending on the

selected algorithm. The FM modulator can be selected from a

second VCO (VCO2), the PEG, FEG, LFO1, LFO2 or others.

The Pitch Envelope Generator (PEG) lets you determine how

the pitch of the VCO changes over time, and the LFO can be

used to modulate the VCO to create vibrato.

For more information, see as follows:

VCO1 — page 61

VCO2 — page 63

SYNC/FM — page 58

PEG/LFO — page 54

2 MIX/VCF

The MIX/VCF module is where the mixing of VCO1,

VCO2, Ring Modulator, Noise and Feedback signals

take place, which can then be filtered by the VCF High

Pass Filter (HPF), Low Pass Filter (LPF), Band Pass Filter

(BPF) and Band Eliminate Filter (BEF). You can

determine the cutoff frequency of the VCF, as well as

amount of Resonance, or emphasis around the

frequency cutoff point. The Filter Envelope Generator

(FEG) lets you determine how the timbre of the signal

changes over time, and the LFO1 can be used to

modulate the VCF to create wah.

For more information, see as follows:

MIX/VCF — page 66

VCF — page 64

HPF — page 67

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