Bedienungsanleitung Kompozer 07 (Seite 42 von 58) (Englisch)

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KompoZer User Guide — 17 December 2007 Based on version 0.7.10 42

Appendix 2 – References

HTML 4.01 Specification http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/cover.html

CSS2.1 Specification http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/

W3C http://www.w3.org/

HTML Validator http://validator.w3.org/

CSS Validator http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/

Appendix 3 – Doctypes

A3.1 Introduction

Doctype abbreviates ‘Document type Declaration’

which tells a browser which ‘Document type definition’

(DTD) to use to interpret a page. The Doctype also

includes the URL of a file containing the DTD details.

The Doctype must appear on the first line of code

for a page.

Note Actually on an XHTML page an XML dec-

laration may precede this but this can result in

problems with some browsers. KompoZer does

not insert this declaration. Files without an

XML declaration use UTF-8 character coding.

A3.2 Doctypes supported

The Doctypes supported by KompoZer are

HTML Transitional

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

HTML Strict

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">

XHTML Transitional

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

XHTML Strict

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">

To set the Doctype for a new file:

On the menu bar click File > New and check the appropriate boxes.

A3.3 Differences between transitional

and strict DTD

In HTML 4.01 strict, elements and attributes which

are dedicated to presentation are deprecated in favour

of CSS. Therefore, HTML 4.01 strict is actually a

trimmed version of HTML 4.01 and is likely to be

supported by a larger number of user agents and

media. The features which have been trimmed out can

be replaced using CSS so that no functionality is lost.

The benefits of clear separation of content from

presentation thanks to CSS implementation are:

Smaller files and faster download (Note 1)

Better layout control

Better interoperability across platforms, devices

and media (Note 2)

Easier to maintain

A3.4 Choice of language and DTD

Beginners to web authoring often ask ‘Which doc-

type declaration should I use?’

When working on pre-existing documents KompoZ-

er is capable of working with any of the doctypes

supported and you may continue to use these if you

want to avoid upgrading to a preferred format.

When creating a new document my recommenda-

tion is to use HTML 4.01 strict doctype.

I do not recommend XHTML 1.0 doctype declara-

tions (transitional or strict) unless you know that you

need to serve your web page as content type

application/xhtml+xml.

Note Internet Explorer 6 and Internet Explorer

7 will not serve a document as content type

application/xhtml+xml when the proper con-

tent type for XHTML should be

application/xhtml+xml.

Further explanation on why XHTML is not recom-

mended – at least at present – would go beyond the

scope of this User Guide.

People who want to know more on this issue are

recommended to read the following resources:

Say No to XHTML: an excellent article on mis-

understood claims of XHTML – at least, on

serious misunderstandings about XHTML - and

problems related to XHTML.

http://www.spartanicus.utvinternet.ie/no-

xhtml.htm

Beware of XHTML Another excellent article,

worth reading carefully. It has 16 examples and

demonstrations showing the issues involved.

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