Bedienungsanleitung Korg R3 (Seite 10 von 94) (Englisch)

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Vocoder

A vocoder is a device that analyzes the character (the frequency response

of each band) of a “modulator” signal (typically a human voice from a

mic), and applies a filter with the analyzed characteristics to the “carrier”

signal (typically a waveform produced by an oscillator), imposing a vocal

character on that waveform, and making it seem as though the instru-

ment is talking.

As shown in figure 0-2, a vocoder program consists of two signals; a

carrier (the signal that is modified) and a modulator (the signal that

modulates the carrier). These signals are routed to the vocoder section.

Figure 0-2

Timbre 1

Timbre 2

Synth

Audio In 1

Synth

Vocoder

EQ INSERT FX1/2

INSERT FX1/2

MASTER FX

Audio In 2

Carrier

Modulator

OUTPUT

(L/MONO, R)

Vocoder Sw= ON & Modulator AudioSrc = Timbre2

Vocoder Sw= ON

Pan1…16

Level1…16

ANALYSIS

FILTER

ENVELOPE

FOLLOWER

SYNTHESIS

FILTER

Resonance

Fc Offset

Formant shift

E.F. Sens

Band1

Band16

Audio Input 2

Timbre 1

LEVEL

Modulator

Carrier

LEVEL

Direct

Level

HPF

Level

HPF

Formant Motion

On/Off

Audio Input 1

Timbre 2

FORMANT

MOTION DATA

To Timbre 1 EQ

Vocoder

Vocoder section (VOCODER)

The vocoder divides the audio spectrum into “bands”. In the R3, the

vocoder uses 16 bands. There are actually two sets of 16 bands; the first is

used to analyze the tonal characteristics of one sound (the Modulator),

and the second set is used to apply the same characteristics to another

sound (the Carrier). Each analysis band contains a bandpass filter and an

envelope follower. Each synthesis band contains a band pass filter whose

output is controlled by the matching envelope follower in the analysis

band. The modulator’s audio signal is sent through the sixteen bandpass

filters (the analysis filters), and the envelope follower detects the volume

envelope (change over time) for each of these frequency bands.

The carrier’s audio signal is sent through the other set of sixteen

bandpass filters (the synthesis filters), and the envelope detected from

each analysis filter is applied to each synthesis filter to modulate the

sound, producing the impression that the carrier sound is “talking” (the

typical vocoder effect). You can use the “FrmntSft (formant shift)” and

“FcOffset (Cutoff)” parameters to shift the frequencies of the carrier

bandpass filters. This will raise or lower the frequency response while

preserving the character of the modulator, creating major changes in the

sound.

Modulator (MODULATOR)

Most commonly, you will input your voice as the modulator, but interest-

ing results can also be obtained by inputting a rhythm sound as the

modulator waveform. You can use an Audio Input1, Timbre2 or a

Formant motion data as the modulator.

Carrier (CARRIER)

A sawtooth wave (SAW) or other waveform rich in overtones is the best

choice for the carrier. As the carrier, you can use a combination of two

sources (Timbre1 and Audio Input2).

The structure of a program

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